Spinal Posture and Pathology in Modern Humans

Been, Ella; Simonovich, Azaria; Kalichman, Leonid

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19349-2_13

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The spinopelvic morphology studies have contributed to measurable average parameters. The importance of our current study expands the understanding of the mismatch between normal pelvic morphology and LL and the consequences for CLBP patients [1,[8][9][10][11][12][13][31][32][33][34]. Diebo et al suggested that the API minus lumbar lordosis (LL) should be less than 10 • (API − LL < 10 • ) [32] and the predisposition of adjacent segment disease after lumbar fusion has been reported with API − LL > 10 • [41].…”

Section: Pelvic Morphology Sacral Tilt and Lordosis Mensurationmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Problematically, these investigations failed to delineate whether a reduced LL in CLBP patients is due to differences in pelvic morphology between normal controls and CLBP patients. Many authors have previously investigated the differences between pelvic morphology and variations in spine parameters, where these prior studies discuss the normal and compensatory parameters [31][32][33][34][35]. Prior studies of the sagittal spine parameters have confirmed earlier studies on the importance of a normal or average or "neutral zone" that is necessary to reduce the reported suffering from low back pain, spine pathologies, and a reduced quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, it becomes clear that it is the correlation between API and LL that matters more than a specific cutoff value in high and low pelvic incidence angles and this concept is similar to the results we report for the ROC curve analysis for ARA T12-S1, Cobb T12-S1, and L1-L5 regardless of the magnitude of a person's API. Been et al, in 2019, in an extensive discussion of the importance of a "neutral" zone of pelvic spinopelvic balance, identified it was necessary for proper function and reduction in pathologies. Conversely, they found that "Individuals out of the neutral zone, with accentuated or with decreased pelvic incidence and spinal curvatures, are at a higher risk for developing spinal pathology, back pain, and reduced quality of life" [31].…”

Section: Pelvic Morphology Sacral Tilt and Lordosis Mensurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Been et al, in 2019, in an extensive discussion of the importance of a "neutral" zone of pelvic spinopelvic balance, identified it was necessary for proper function and reduction in pathologies. Conversely, they found that "Individuals out of the neutral zone, with accentuated or with decreased pelvic incidence and spinal curvatures, are at a higher risk for developing spinal pathology, back pain, and reduced quality of life" [31]. It is not the intention of the authors to conclude that low back pain is only caused by the mismatch of pelvic morphology and LL.…”

Section: Pelvic Morphology Sacral Tilt and Lordosis Mensurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior studies of the sagittal spine parameters have confirmed earlier studies on the importance of a normal or average or "neutral zone" that is necessary to reduce the reported suffering from low back pain, spine pathologies, and a reduced quality of life. Sagittal spine balance and the importance of understanding the consequences of a mismatch between pelvic morphology parameters and lumbar spine pathologies is an important endeavor for clinicians and researchers alike [31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can the Mismatch of Measured Pelvic Morphology vs. Lumbar Lordosis Predict Chronic Low Back Pain Patients?

Harrison,

Haas,

Moustafa

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Measures of lumbar lordosis (LL) and elliptical modeling variables have been shown to discriminate between normal and chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Pelvic morphology influences an individual’s sagittal lumbar alignment. Our purpose is to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of lumbar sagittal radiographic alignment and modeling variables to identify if these can discriminate between normal controls and CLBP patients. Methods: We conducted a computer analysis of digitized vertebral body corners on lateral lumbar radiographs of normal controls and CLBP patients. Fifty normal controls were attained from a required pre-employment physical examination (29 men; 21 women; mean age of 27.7 ± 8.5 years), with no history of low back pain, a normal spinal examination, no pathologies, anomalies, or instability. Additionally, 50 CLBP patients (29 men; 29.5 ± 8 years of age) were randomly chosen and matched to the characteristics of the controls. The inclusion criteria required no abnormalities on lumbar spine radiographs. The parameters included the following: ARA L1-L5 lordosis, ARA T12-S1 lordosis, Cobb T12-S1, b/a elliptical modelling ratio, sacral base angle (SBA), and S1 posterior tangent to vertical (PTS1). Two measures of pelvic morphology were determined for each person—the angle of pelvic incidence (API) and posterior tangent pelvic incidence angle (PTPIA)—and the relationships between API − ARA T12-S1, API − Cobb T12-S1, and API − ARA L1-5 was determined. Descriptive statistics and correlations among the primary variables were determined. The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) for primary variables were analyzed. Results: The mean values of LL were statistically different between the normal and CLBP groups (p < 0.001), indicating a hypo-lordotic lumbar spine for the CLBP group. The mean b/a ratio was lower in the chronic pain group (p = 0.0066). The pelvic morphology variables were similar between the groups (p > 0.05). API had a stronger correlation to the SBA and Cobb T12-S1 than PTPIA did, while PTPIA had a stronger correlation to the S1 tangent and ARA T12-S1 than API did. While CLBP patients had a stronger correlation of ARA T12-S1 and Cobb T12-S1 relative to the pelvic morphology, they also had a reduced correlation of ARA L1-L5 lordosis relative to their SBA and pelvic morphology measures. API − T12-S1, API − L1-L5, and API − Cobb T12-S1 were statistically different between the groups, p < 0.001. Using ROC curve analyses, it was identified that ARA L1-L5 lordosis of 36° and ARA T12-S1 of 68° have a good sensitivity and specificity to discriminate between normal and CLBP patients. ROC curve analyses identified that lordosis ARAT12-S1 < 68° (AUC = 0.83), lordosis ARAL1-L5 < 36° (AUC = 0.78), API − ARA T12-S1 < −18° (AUC = 0.75), API − ARAL1-L5 > 35° (AUC = 0.71), and API − Cobb T12-S1 < −5° (AUC = 0.69) had moderate to good discrimination between groups (AUC = 0.83, 0.78, 0.75, and 0.72). Conclusions: Pelvic morphology is similar between normal and CLBP patients. CLBP patients have an abnormal ‘fit’ of their API − ARAT12-S1 and L1-L5 lumbar lordosis relative to their pelvic morphology and sacral tilt shown as a hypolordosis.

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