Spinning activity of the spider Trogloneta granulum (Araneae, Mysmenidae): web, cocoon, cocoon handling behaviour, draglines and attachment discs

Hajer, Jaromír; Řeháková, Dana

doi:10.1078/0944-2006-00117

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The anterior spinnerets are brought into direct contact with the substrate and are rubbed against it while a secretion is exuded through the pyriform gland spigots 7 . The different architectures of the attachment discs therefore imply different movement patterns of the anterior spinnerets against the substrate.…”

Section: Different Disc Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobweb-weaving spiders produce different attachment discs for locomotion and prey capture

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

spiders' cobwebs ensnare both walking and flying prey. While the scaffolding silk can entangle flying insects, gumfoot silk threads pull walking prey off the ground and into the web. Therefore, scaffolding silk needs to withstand the impact of the prey, whereas gumfoot silk needs to easily detach from the substrate when contacted by prey. Here we show that spiders accomplish these divergent demands by creating attachment discs of two distinct architectures using the same pyriform silk. A 'staple-pin' architecture firmly attaches the scaffolding silk to the substrate and a previously unknown 'dendritic' architecture weakly attaches the gumfoot silk to the substrate. Gumfoot discs adhere weakly, triggering a spring-loaded trap, while the strong adhesion of scaffolding discs compels the scaffolding threads to break instead of detaching. We describe the differences in adhesion for these two architectures using tapepeeling models and design synthetic attachments that reveal important design principles for controlled adhesion.

show abstract

Section: Different Disc Architecturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobweb-weaving spiders produce different attachment discs for locomotion and prey capture

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Little is known about the biology and natural history of mysmenids, with few exceptions (e.g. Mysmena tasmaniae ; see Hickman, ; and Trogloneta granulum ; see Fage, ; Gertsch, ; Hajer, , ; Hajer & Reháková, ). In addition, 11 species in three mysmenid genera have been reported to be kleptoparasites on the webs of other spiders (Platnick & Shadab, ; Griswold, ; see also Baert & Murphy, ; Eberhard, Platnick & Schuh, ; reviewed in Lopardo et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of the twilight zone: phylogeny and evolutionary morphology of the orb-weaving spider family Mysmenidae, with a focus on spinneret spigot morphology in symphytognathoids (Araneae, Araneoidea)

Lopardo

Hormiga

2015

Zool J Linn Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper provides the first comprehensive comparative morphological study of symphytognathoid spiders, with an emphasis on the family Mysmenidae. Hypotheses of primary homology, particularly at the level of male genitalia, are proposed for a total of 65 taxa (42 mysmenids), compiled into a morphological data set of more than 350 characters. Male palpal structures (paracymbium and tegular conductor), considered absent for the family by previous workers, are actually present in Mysmenidae. The pattern of interfamilial relationships based on the morphological data differs from the hypothesis based on the total evidence (morphology plus multigene sequence data) in the placement of Theridiosomatidae. We have based all formal taxonomic and nomenclatural decisions on the results of analysis of the total evidence from a previous study, except in the cases in which only morphological information was available. Based on such phylogenetic results, the following generic transfers from Mysmenidae are proposed: Crassignatha, Iardinis (to Symphytognathidae); Leviola (to Zodariidae); and Phricotelus (Araneoidea incertae sedis). Mysmenidae is redelimited to include at least eight genera: Mysmena, Microdipoena, Maymena, Trogloneta, Isela, Mysmenopsis, Brasilionata, and Mysmeniola, which are re‐diagnosed. Mysmenella and Anjouanella are synonymized with Microdipoena. Calodipoena, Itapua, Calomyspoena, Tamasesia, and Kekenboschiella are synonymized with Mysmena. Two mysmenid subfamilies are here proposed: Mysmenopsinae subf. nov. and Mysmeninae. In addition, diagnostic features for all symphytognathoid families are provided. One significant outcome of this comparative review is the entelegyne internal genitalic conformation for the family Anapidae (as opposed to haplogyne): all anapid representatives examined possess fertilization ducts. We provide some comments on the evolution of the morphology of spinneret spigots in symphytognathoids. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London

show abstract

“…It is applied in a distinct pattern, called attachment discs, and was formerly hypothesized to be a twocompound material including spidroins (silk proteins) as the first phase and an amorphous hydrocarbon-rich cement-like substance as the second phase [9,10]. Attachment discs are fundamental for locomotion, prey capture and reproduction: they secure climbing spiders in the case of a fall or enable them to reach distant places by descending [2,11], provide robust anchorage for webs [5,12,13], retreats and egg sacs [14], stabilize jumping [15] and on-water movements [16] and facilitate navigation [7] and brood care [8]. Through an adapted spinning behaviour, they can even be used to produce special traps such as trapdoors, stumbling threads [17] and catapulting lines [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and substrate-dependent strength of the silken attachment discs in spiders

Grawe

Wolff

Gorb

2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Araneomorph spiders have evolved different silks with dissimilar material properties, serving different purposes. The two-compound pyriform secretion is used to glue silk threads to substrates or to other threads. It is applied in distinct patterns, called attachment discs. Although ubiquitously found in spider silk applications and hypothesized to be strong and versatile at low material consumption, the performance of attachment discs on different substrates remains unknown. Here, we analyse the detachment forces and fracture mechanics of the attachment discs spun by five different species on three different substrates, by pulling on the upstream part of the attached thread. Results show that although the adhesion of the pyriform glue is heavily affected by the substrate, even on Teflon it is frequently strong enough to hold the spider's weight. As plant surfaces are often difficult to wet, they are hypothesized to be the major driving force for evolution of the pyriform secretion.

show abstract

Spinning activity of the spider Trogloneta granulum (Araneae, Mysmenidae): web, cocoon, cocoon handling behaviour, draglines and attachment discs

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Cobweb-weaving spiders produce different attachment discs for locomotion and prey capture

Cobweb-weaving spiders produce different attachment discs for locomotion and prey capture

Out of the twilight zone: phylogeny and evolutionary morphology of the orb-weaving spider family Mysmenidae, with a focus on spinneret spigot morphology in symphytognathoids (Araneae, Araneoidea)

Composition and substrate-dependent strength of the silken attachment discs in spiders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About