Spinning Disc Reactor for Green Processing and Synthesis

Boodhoo, Kamelia

doi:10.1002/9781118498521.ch3

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…By means of rotation, the large centrifugal forces produced by the disc encourage the formation of thin liquid films with thicknesses usually around 50 to 300 microns for water-like liquids [44,53]. Within these thin liquid films, waves and instabilities are created as a result of the high shear generated through the rotation of the disc, intensifying micromixing within the film [54][55][56]. Plug flow characteristics have also been attributed to film flow in the SDR [57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristic parameters for the SDR, such as average radial velocity, u av , (Equation ( 1)) film thickness, δ (Equation (2)) and residence time, t res (Equation (3)) are derived from a model based on the Nusselt (1916) theory [55,58].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coriolis forces (Figure 1), on the other hand, come into play when the radial velocity distribution term, v r , is of a considerable magnitude. This generates acceleration in the angular direction opposite to rotation, known as Coriolis acceleration, and is defined as [55]: Previous work involving the solvent-antisolvent precipitation of starch nanoparticles in a spinning disc reactor has demonstrated that starch nanoparticle size is influenced by flow rate, disc rotational speed, and antisolvent to solvent ratio [28]. The study indicated a reduction in particle size with an increase in flow rate and disc rotational speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical Modelling of Hydrodynamic Effects on Starch Nanoparticles Precipitation in a Spinning Disc Reactor

2020

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Empirical correlations have been developed to relate experimentally determined starch nanoparticle size obtained in a solvent–antisolvent precipitation process with key hydrodynamic parameters of a spinning disc reactor (SDR). Three different combinations of dimensionless groups including a conventional Reynolds number (Re), rotational Reynolds number (Reω) and Rossby number (Ro) have been applied in individual models for two disc surfaces (smooth and grooved) to represent operating variables affecting film flow such as liquid flowrate and disc rotational speed, whilst initial supersaturation (S) has been included to represent varying antisolvent concentrations. Model 1 featuring a combination of Re, Reω and S shows good agreement with the experimental data for both the grooved and smooth discs. For the grooved disc, Re has a greater impact on particle size, whereas Reω is more influential on the smooth disc surface, the difference likely being due to the passive mixing induced by the grooves irrespective of the magnitude of the disc speed. Supersaturation has little impact on particle size within the limited initial supersaturation range studied. Model 2 which characterises both flow rate and disc rotational speed through Ro alone and combined with Re was less accurate in predicting particle size due to several inherent limitations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical Modelling of Hydrodynamic Effects on Starch Nanoparticles Precipitation in a Spinning Disc Reactor

2020

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“…A thin film liquid is formed in the SDR due to centrifugal acceleration created by rotation of the disk. The key characteristics of the thin film flow include rapid mixing, heat and mass transfer, plug flow, and short residence times in the order of seconds [ 15 ]. For example, the residence time, t res of liquid reagents traveling with Q flow rate, from r i to r o on the disk based on the Nusselt theory can be expressed by Equation (4), where μ is dynamic viscosity and ω is angular velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Cu Nanoparticle Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis Using the Spinning Disk Reactor

et al. 2018

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Cu nanoparticles are known to be very active for methanol (MeOH) synthesis at relatively low temperatures, such that smaller particle sizes yield better MeOH productivity. We aimed to control Cu nanoparticle (NP) size and size distribution for catalysing MeOH synthesis, by using the spinning disk reactor. The spinning disk reactor (SDR), which operates based on shear effect and plug flow in thin films, can be used to rapidly micro-mix reactants in order to control nucleation and particle growth for uniform particle size distribution. This could be achieved by varying both physical and chemical operation conditions in a precipitation reaction on the SDR. We have used the SDR for a Cu borohydride reduction to vary Cu NP size from 3 nm to about 55 nm. XRD and TEM characterization confirmed the presence of Cu2O and Cu crystallites when the samples were dried. This technique is readily scalable for Cu NP production by processing continuously over a longer duration than the small-scale tests. However, separation of the nanoparticles from solution posed a challenge as the suspension hardly settled. The Cu NPs produced were tested to be active catalyst for MeOH synthesis at low temperature and MeOH productivity increased with decreasing particle size.

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“…The effect of high shear and superb mixing on reaction rates is an active area of process intensification research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. One method of increasing shear and mixing is to use a film-shear reactor ( Figure 1) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced oxidative desulfurization in a film-shear reactor

Fox

Brinich

Male

et al. 2015

Fuel

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A film-shear reactor was used to significantly enhance the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of model fuels using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Significant increases in the amount of sulfur removed were seen in comparison to conventionally stirred ODS reactions. For example, up to 50% desulfurization occurred in a single pass of the model fuel through the film-shear reactor at 10 ˚C. The desulfurization reactions were very fast in the reactor, occurring on the time scale of seconds to minutes. Desulfurization was studied under a variety of conditions, and a statistical design of experiment (DOE) showed that the fuel to oxidant ratio was the only statistically significant parameter to impact the extent of desulfurization: a larger amount of oxidant led to higher desulfurization. A variety of benzothiophene contaminants (benzothiophene, 2-methylbenzothiophene, 5-methylbenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and 4,6dimethyldibenzothiophene) were examined, and the film-shear reactor was effective in removing all of these contaminants. The film-shear reactor was effective at both low (0.5-2.0 mL/min) and high (100-300 mL/min) flow rates. Experiments showed that oxygen in air was not an effective oxidant for ODS in the film-shear reactor. Experiments using Mo(CO) 6 as a molecular thermometer showed that "hot spots" are not forming in the film-shear reactor, and thus the increase in the ODS rate cannot be attributed to intense thermal activation occurring within the film-shear reactor. It is suggested that superb mixing of the aqueous and fuel phases is responsible for the increased rate of ODS in the reactor.

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Spinning Disc Reactor for Green Processing and Synthesis

Cited by 14 publications

References 57 publications

Empirical Modelling of Hydrodynamic Effects on Starch Nanoparticles Precipitation in a Spinning Disc Reactor

Empirical Modelling of Hydrodynamic Effects on Starch Nanoparticles Precipitation in a Spinning Disc Reactor

Tailoring Cu Nanoparticle Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis Using the Spinning Disk Reactor

Enhanced oxidative desulfurization in a film-shear reactor

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