A key challenge for the defence industry is how to take full advantage of the latest research and technology developments for current in-service products. The route to managing the flow of technology for platform modernization and achieving the rapid fielding of new technologies for phased capability delivery can be obtained through technology insertion. However, there lacks a common understanding of the technology insertion activity. This paper provides a concise overview of the topic in order to provide a standard frame of reference. A generic definition of the term is proposed together with a taxonomy that places technology insertion into context with other technology management processes. In addition, the components and dimensions of technology insertion are presented. The fundamental principles and enablers associated with technology insertion are elicited. These concepts are illustrated by real-world examples from the defence industry.