Spiritual Well-Being, Depression, and Stress Among Hemodialysis Patients in Jordan

Abstract

00962 2 6297052.The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. AcknowledgementsThis research was kindly funded by Al al-Bayt University (a Jordanian governmental university) and this funding will not pose conflict of interest. AbstractPurpose: The spiritual dimension of a patient's life is an important factor that may mediate detrimental impacts on mental health. The lack of research investigating spiritual wellbeing, religiosity, and mental health among Jordanian hemodialysis patients encouraged this research. This study explored levels of spiritual wellbeing and its associations with depression, anxiety, and stress. Design: A quantitative, cross sectional correlational study. Methods: A sample of 218 Jordanian Muslim hemodialysis patients completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear multivariate regression models. Findings: The hemodialysis patients had, on average, relatively low levels of spiritual wellbeing, moderate depression, severe anxiety, and mild to moderate stress. The results of the regression models indicated that aspects of spiritual wellbeing were negatively associated with depression, anxiety and stress, but only existential wellbeing consistently retained significant associations after controlling for religious wellbeing, religiosity and sociodemographic variables. Conclusions: Greater spiritual and existential wellbeing of Jordanian hemodialysis patients were significantly associated with less depression, anxiety, and stress. It appears that these patients use religious and spiritual beliefs and practices as coping mechanisms to overcome their depression, anxiety and stress. The implications for holistic clinical practice are explored.

Depression, Religiosity, and Parenting Styles among Young Latter-Day Saint Adolescents

“…The positive effects of religion extend beyond Christianity. A study of patients receiving hemodialysis in Jordan discovered that the more religious Muslims were, the less likely they reported depressive symptoms (Musa et al 2018). Researchers found that spiritual wellness practices such as fasting, prayer, fostering positive relationships, expressing beliefs through art, and studying religious materials served as protective factors against depression.…”

Treatment-related stress and coping: an important consideration in patients on hemodialysis

“…There are many studies on the treatment-related stressors experienced and coping strategies used by patients on HD [2,[8][9][10][11][12]. In Tu et al [8]'s study, Taiwanese patients on HD aged 20-45 years were found to have high stress levels.…”

“…On the other hand, in Parvan et al [9]'s study, most Iranian patients on HD reported using emotion-focused coping strategies more than problem-focused strategies. In a recent cross-sectional study of 218 Jordanian patients on HD, Musa et al [10] reported that patients demonstrated mild to moderate stress. The investigators have also showed that patients on HD used religious and spiritual beliefs as coping strategies to overcome their stress [10].…”

“…In a recent cross-sectional study of 218 Jordanian patients on HD, Musa et al [10] reported that patients demonstrated mild to moderate stress. The investigators have also showed that patients on HD used religious and spiritual beliefs as coping strategies to overcome their stress [10]. Ramirez et al [11] suggested that while religious struggle was associated with greater psychological distress and impaired health-related quality of life, positive religious coping was associated with improved quality of life among Brazilian patients on HD.…”

“…Consequently, the results of studies showed that patients on HD often experience high stress levels, and use both emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies [2,[8][9][10][11][12]. In this context, nurses play an integral role in providing care, symptom control, psychosocial support, stress management and advice for patients on HD and their family members.…”