Spirituality and humanization according to nursing undergraduates: an action researc

Abstract

Objective. To know the conceptions of undergraduates from the Teaching Diploma Program with Bachelor degree in Nursing at a public state-owned higher education institution in an interior city in the State of São Paulo about spirituality and humanization, as well as to propose educative action in that sense. Methodoly. A qualitative study was undertaken, using the action research method. The data were collected in the second semester of 2012 through participant observation, registered in a field diary, and interviews with the help of questionnaires. For the interpretative data analysis, categorization was used. Results. The implicit predominance of the technical-procedure care discourse was observed, to the detriment of the educational care discourse, as complementary constructs, according to the participants' statements. Nevertheless, the educational action permitted constructivism and the problematization of knowledge. Conclusion. Although the results may not reflect the reality at the investigated institution, it is concluded that the academic education of nurse educators is a moment of possibilities to include spirituality and humanization, regarding the development of competences that grant individual support to patients and families, in health promotion and coping with disease situations. La espiritualidad y la humanización según los graduandos de enfermería. Una investigación-acciónObjetivo. Conocer las concepciones sobre la espiritualidad y la humanización de los graduandos de la Licenciatura en Enfermería de una institución pública estatal de enseñanza superior de un municipio del interior paulista, con el fin de proponer acciones educativas en este sentido. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo en el que se utilizó la metodología de investigación-acción. Los datos se recolectaron en el segundo semestre de 2012, mediante de observación participante que fue registrada en un diario 74 • Invest Educ Enferm. 2015;33(1) de campo, y de entrevistas utilizando cuestionarios. En el análisis interpretativo de los datos se empleó la categorización. Resultados. Se observó que está implícita la predominancia del discurso de cuidado/ asistencia técnico-procedimental en detrimento del educativo, además de no ser evidente la asociación de los temas de humanización y de espiritualidad, a pesar de que son constructos que se complementan, según los testimonios de los participantes. Con todo, la acción educativa viabilizó el constructivismo y la problematización de conocimientos. Conclusión. La formación académica de los enfermeros educadores se encuentra en un momento en el que es posible la inserción de la espiritualidad y de la humanización en el desarrollo de competencias para el apoyo individualizado al paciente y a su familia, en la promoción de la salud y en el enfrentamiento de las situaciones de enfermedad. Palabras clave: enfermería; espiritualidad; humanización de la atención; investigación en educación en enfermería; educación superior. A espiritualidade e a humanização segundo graduandos de enfermagem. Uma pesquisa-a...

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