“…Thus, spirituality is a signifier with contested and deferred meaning, with its constructions varying from self-transcendence (Benson et al, 2003), to a mystical transcendental experience (Gray, 2006), to a search for the sacred side of life (Engebretson, 2004;Pargament, 1999). Psychological discourses have variously constructed spirituality as neurobiology (Hay & Socha, 2005), cognition (Niederman, 1999), intelligence (Emmons, 2000a;2000b), meaning-making (Bosacki, 2002), emotion (Emmons & Paloutzian, 2003) or behaviour (Spilka et al, 2003). It has further been viewed as both vital and/or animating energy (Fisher, 2000), and/or a relationship with the self, others, the environment and God (Fisher, 2000;Hay & Nye, 1998), or a combination of all of the above.…”