The present study's purpose was to refine and test a newly developed self-report instrument to assess wisdom. The empirical study was based on a sample of undergraduates recruited at two universities and Buddhists recruited at two temples. This sample filled out 23 items of the wisdom scale and, in addition, several other psychological self-report scales. Items from the wisdom scale were factor analyzed and the following seven factors emerged: Balance/Harmony, Flow, Spirituality, Warmth, Care for Environment, Appreciation, and Intelligence. These dimensions were statistically significantly related to various outcome measures such as depression, perceived stress, and optimism scales. Statistically significant differences were found between various religious and socio-demographic groups on the different factor scores. This study suggests that wisdom is a multidimensional and complex construct worthy of scientific investigation.
A Scale to Measure WisdomA resurgence of interest in the topic of wisdom has emerged in the field of developmental psychology (Baltes & Staudinger, 2000;Shedlock & Cornelius, 2000) over the past 20 years. However, differing definitions of wisdom have complicated investigation of this topic (Kramer, 2000;Baltes, Staudinger, Maercker, & Smith, 1995). For example, Baltes and Smith's (1990) have proposed a general theoretical definition of wisdom as expert knowledge about fundamen-This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.