Spiro-thiophene derivatives as hole-transport materials for perovskite solar cells

Ma, Shuying; Zhang, Hua; Zhao, Nian; Cheng, Yi‐Bing; Wang, Mingkui; Shen, Yan; Tu, Guoli

doi:10.1039/c5ta01155h

Cited by 99 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite has a high absorption coefficient (~10 5 cm −1 ) [8], wide range absorption in solar spectrum (300-900 nm) [9], low excitonic binding energy (19-50 meV) [10], long electron/hole diffusion length (100-1000 nm) [11], and a tuneable band gap [12]. Because of these properties it has attracted considerable attention nowadays.…”

Section: Of 37mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPBT (years) = Embeded primary energy (MJm−2) Annual primary energy generated by the system(MJ m−2 year−1) (8) where W 1 is the embedded primary energy; ε is the electricity to primary energy conversion factor (0.35 usually); I is the total solar insolation incident on unit surface per year; η is the average module efficiency; and PR is the system performance ratio.…”

Section: Energy Payback Time and Energy Return On Energy Investedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements

et al. 2018

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Abstract:For any given technology to be successful, its ability to compete with the other existing technologies is the key. Over the last five years, perovskite solar cells have entered the research spectrum with tremendous market prospects. These cells provide easy and low cost processability and are an efficient alternative to the existing solar cell technologies in the market. In this review article, we first go over the innovation and the scientific findings that have been going on in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and then present a short case study of perovskite solar cells based on their energy payback time. Our review aims to be comprehensive, considering the cost, the efficiency, and the stability of the PSCs. Later, we suggest areas for improvement in the field, and how the future might be shaped.

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Section: Of 37mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Payback Time and Energy Return On Energy Investedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements

et al. 2018

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“…ethanol and dried. The product, (75% yield) melting at 95-97 °C, (97-99 °C) 5 , was characterized as ethyl 2-amino-4-phenylthiophene-3-carboxylate. …”

Section: Synthesis Of Compounds (3a-3e)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2018

IJPSR

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ABSTRACT:Highly substituted thiophene derivatives first synthesized by Gewald synthesis in 1965, are important heterocyclic compounds present in numerous biologically active compounds. The synthesis of title compounds was carried out by preparing derivatives of Gewald product. In the present study, a series of 2-aminothiophene derivatives were first prepared by Gewald reaction and further converted into 2-aminothiophene-1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives. Knoevenagel condensation of aryl ketones (1a-1d) with ethylcyanoacetate and subsequent treatment of the α-β-unsaturated nitriles (2) with sulfur and amine resulted in the corresponding 2-aminothiophenes (3a-3d), which were used as a starting material for the synthesis of substituted Gewald products. In the subsequent steps (3a-3d) were converted into carbohydrazides (4a-4d). Substituted carbohydrazides were then converted into potassium aryl carbonyl hydrazine carbodithionate (5a-5d) which were further converted into final compound 2-amino thiophene-1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives (6a-6d). The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by their spectral data (IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy).

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“…Além disso, possui alto custo, dificultando sua utilização comercial. 116,117 Desse modo, materiais como poli-triarilamina (PTAA), 78,114,118 poli(3-hexiltiofeno)(P3HT), [119][120][121][122] poli[N-900-heptadecanil-2,7-carbazol-alt-5,5-(40,70-di-2--tienil-20,10,30-benzotidiazol)] (PCDTBT), 78 NiO, [123][124][125] CuSCN, [126][127][128][129] CuI, 130,131 entre outras diversas moléculas orgânicas, têm sido estudados para a substituição do spiro-MeOTAD. 36,74,104,132 A Figura 10 apresenta alguns dos HTLs e ETLs recentemente utilizados em células solares de perovskitas e os seus respectivos níveis energéticos.…”

Section: Desenvolvimento Das Células Solares De Perovskita Progressosunclassified

Células Solares De Perovskitas: Uma Nova Tecnologia Emergente

et al. 2017

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Recebido em 31/01/2017; aceito em 7/8/2017; publicado na web em 02/10/2017 PEROVSKITES SOLAR CELLS: A NEW EMERGING TECHNOLOGY. Solar energy has been considered as an important source of clean and safe energy to overcome the problems associate to the burn of fossil fuels (e.g. climate changes, pollution, health problems, etc.). In the area of photovoltaics, devices that convert solar energy into electricity, perovskites solar cells (PSC) have attracted great attention due to their rapid development, high energy conversion efficiency, diversification of the processing methods and different materials. The fantastic properties of the hybrid perovskite materials, such as high absorption coefficient, direct and tunable bandgap, ambipolar charge carrier, simple preparation, etc., have quoted this technology as one the most important in this century. The rapid development of PSC has provided a significant increase in energy conversion efficiency, which was first reported, in 2009, as 3.8% and now reaches up to 22.10%, according to the National Laboratory of Renewable Energy (NREL). Many studies have been carried out to further increase the efficiency of devices and solve problems as the instability of the material, and the presence of lead, so that the PSC can be applied commercially. This paper presents a review on PSC and the major advances reported in device's architecture, preparation methods, novel materials and interface engineering.Keywords: solar cell; perovskites; perovskites solar cells. INTRODUÇÃOHá muitos anos a humanidade tem feito uso de combustíveis fósseis para satisfazer grande parte da demanda de energia. Porém, com a diminuição progressiva das reservas de combustíveis fósseis, deterioração do meio ambiente (devido ao efeito estufa), poluição do ar e água e, consequentemente, com os problemas de saúde humana associados ao aquecimento global, além das questões econômicas e políticas relacionadas à saúde e preservação do meio ambiente, o desenvolvimento de fontes alternativas de energia tem se tornado cada vez mais importante.1,2 Tendo em vista essas preocupações, a energia solar fotovoltaica pode ser considerada umas das fontes de energia alternativa mais promissora, pois provém de uma fonte abundante, limpa e segura, não gera ruídos e ainda permite a geração de energia elétrica em áreas remotas. 3A energia solar é, de uma forma ou de outra, a fonte de quase toda a energia na Terra.4 O sol fornece ao nosso planeta cerca de 10.000 vezes mais energia que o nosso consumo diário global. A energia solar pode ser convertida em calor, o qual pode ser utilizado diretamente para o abastecimento de água quente, ou em eletricidade, através do efeito fotovoltaico, nas células solares. 5,6 A constituição básica de uma célula solar é baseada em duas camadas de semicondutores (junção), sendo uma camada contendo carga positiva (p) e outra contendo carga negativa (n), que geram corrente elétrica quando expostas à radiação solar.7 Atualmente, as células solares são classificadas em três tipos, a saber: Células Solares de...

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Spiro-thiophene derivatives as hole-transport materials for perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Spiro-thiophene derivatives act as promising hole transport materials for highly efficient perovskite solar cell application.

Cited by 99 publications

References 38 publications

Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements

Analysing the Prospects of Perovskite Solar Cells within the Purview of Recent Scientific Advancements

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Células Solares De Perovskitas: Uma Nova Tecnologia Emergente

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