Spirulina sp. as a Bioremediation Agent for Aquaculture Wastewater: Production of High Added Value Compounds and Estimation of Theoretical Biodiesel

Current advances in phytoremediation and biochemical composition of Arthrospira ( Spirulina ) grown in aquaculture wastewater

“…According to Cardoso et al (2021), the scale increase is advantageous because it increases protein synthesis in the biomass of Spirulina sp. LEB18 (T25) by 12.9% compared with the results reported by Cardoso et al, 2020b.…”

“…The biomass composition of Spirulina sp. LEB18 cultivated in aquaculture wastewater supplemented with 25% Zarrouk (T25) differed statistically and showed higher protein content (19.41%) than the control 15.25% (Cardoso et al, 2020b). Metabolites as proteins in microalgae and biomass are highly dependent on the composition of the medium and the culture conditions.…”

The Circular Economy Approach to Improving CNP Ratio in Inland Fishery Wastewater for Increasing Algal Biomass Production

“…Therefore, this type of wastewater does not possess high nutrients for algal production. The different studies listed in Table 4 show similar levels of NO 3 and PO 4 removal, which implies that the different strains studied are capable of consuming those nutrients; however, unless the wastewater comes from recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs), such as the work of Dourou et al [10], is supplemented with pulp wastewater [34], is enriched with biogas digestate [41], or is even enriched with a culture medium [37], this type of wastewater is not able to sustain large concentrations of algal biomass. Lastly, the protein content in those strains ranges between 24% and 60% (w/w), which makes them an exciting source for fish feed.…”

Artificial intelligence-based approaches for modeling the effects of spirulina growth mediums on total phenolic compounds

“…In Brazil, the culture industry and human consumption of Spirulina LEB-18 can also be practicable within the framework of globally accepted biomass production under the guidelines of food safety standards ( de Jesus et al, 2018 ). Spirulina is also efficient in treating wastewater including effluent water from fish farms and if integrated in aquaculture it could be beneficial and added advantage to fish farmer as additives and supplemental fish diets ( Zhang et al, 2020 ), Supporting study report also Spirulina bioremediation function in aquaculture industry and in producing high value added biomass and in reducing production cost ( Cardoso et al, 2021 ). Also spirulina help in making of good animal feed formulation and supplement including in broilers ( Khan et al, 2020 ).…”