Spontaneous extradural haematoma associated with craniofacial infections: case report and review of the literature

Abstract

A 17-year-old male with occult cleft palate presented with depressed-consciousness due to spontaneous frontal extradural haematoma associated with sinusitis. Craniotomy, evacuation of the haematoma and drainage of the frontal sinuses led to a full recovery. Spontaneous extradural haematomas secondary to craniofacial infections are very rare; this appears to be the first described with a coexisting congenital palatal abnormality. The diagnosis should be considered when signs of infection are present with depressed consciousness as a delay in treatment may result in death.

Spontaneous intracranial epidural hematoma during rivaroxaban treatment

“…Until this date, only 20 cases were documented in the literature. [3][4][5][6]10 Hematologic abnormalities are associated with up to 8% of all intracerebral hemorrhage cases, including anticoagulant-induced coagulopathy. 11 Bleeding events are the most frequent adverse reactions associated with oral anticoagulants.…”

“…About 83 to 95% of the cases are associated with skull fractures 1 with vascular injury and detachment of the dura mater from the bone's inner surface. 2 Except for traumatic causes, this type of hematoma is associated with four etiological categories: pericranial infections (sinusitis, otitis), 3,4 dural arteriovenous malformations, 3 metastases to the bony skull, 5 and coagulation disorders. 6 New anticoagulants are emerging, since warfarin requires frequent monitoring, and has multiple drug and food interactions.…”

Bilateral Epidural Hematoma In A Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: A Case Report

“…Spontan epidural hematomların en sık sebebi komşu kranyofasiyal enfeksiyonlara bağlı olarak gelişen vaskülit sonucu vaskülitik damarın rüptüre olmasıdır. [9] HIV enfeksiyonlu hastalarda sıklıkla serebral iskemi ve infarktüse sebep olabilen serebral arterit izlenmektedir. Ancak, serebral vaskülite bağlı anevrizma ve intrakraniyal hemoraji görülme sıklığı çok daha azdır.…”

Spontaneous Intracranial Epidural Hematoma Originating from Dural Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…But, spontaneous or non-traumatic intracranial EDHs are very rare. Main possible causes of this unusual phenomenon are infection from frontal sinusitis, maxillary sinusitis, otitis media and craniofacial infections, and coagulation disorders, vascular malformation of dura, and malignancy [7][8][9]11,18,19,21,27) . Intracranial hemorrhage from distant metastasis of primary cancer is rare and its incidence accounts for 0.9-11% 25) .…”

“…But, spontaneous intracranial EDHs can occur in patients with paracranial infections, bleeding or coagulation disorders, vascular malformation, and neoplastic condition [7][8][9]11,18,19,21,27) . Spontaneous intracranial EDH originating from a metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare.…”