Spontaneous Firing Activity of Cortical Neurons in Adult Cats with Reorganized Tonotopic Map Following Pure-tone Trauma

Komiya, Hisashi; Eggermont, Jos J.

doi:10.1080/000164800750000298

Cited by 99 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar bursting activity has been reported for the inferior colliculus after salicylate treatment [39] or cisplatin treatment [40]. Surprisingly, bursting has not been reported in neurons of the auditory cortex following either noise exposure or after salicylate or quinine treatment [26, 41, 42]. …”

Section: Tinnitus-associated Changes In the Auditory Systemsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The neurophysiological signature of tinnitus might be increased regularity or decreased asynchrony of spiking [43], or increased cross-fiber synchrony [42, 44]. There is some evidence that both acoustic trauma and ototoxic drugs can increase synchronous discharge across different levels of the auditory system.…”

Section: Tinnitus-associated Changes In the Auditory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tinnitus and underlying brain mechanisms

Galazyuk

Wenstrup

Hamid

2012

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery

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Purpose Of Review Tinnitus is the sensation of hearing a sound when no external auditory stimulus is present. Most individuals experience tinnitus for brief, unobtrusive periods. However, chronic sensation of tinnitus affects approximately 17% of the general US population, 44 million people. Tinnitus, usually a benign symptom, can be constant, loud and annoying to the point that it causes significant emotional distress, poor sleep, less efficient activities of daily living, anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation/attempts. Tinnitus remains a major challenge to physicians because its pathophysiology is poorly understood and there are few management options to offer patients. The purpose of this article is to describe the current understanding of central neural mechanisms in tinnitus and to summarize recent developments in clinical approaches to tinnitus patients. Recent findings Recently developed animal models of tinnitus provide the possibility to determine neuronal mechanisms of tinnitus generation and to test the effects of various treatments. The latest research using animal models has identified a number of abnormal changes, in both auditory and non-auditory brain regions that underlie tinnitus. Furthermore this research sheds light on cellular mechanisms that are responsible for development of these abnormal changes. Summary Tinnitus remains a challenging disorder for patients, physicians, audiologists and scientists studying tinnitus-related brain changes. This article reviews recent findings of brain changes in animal models associated with tinnitus and a brief review of clinical approach to tinnitus patients.

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Section: Tinnitus-associated Changes In the Auditory Systemsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Tinnitus-associated Changes In the Auditory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tinnitus and underlying brain mechanisms

Galazyuk

Wenstrup

Hamid

2012

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery

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“…Also an increase in the synchrony of the neuronal discharge has been observed in the auditory cortex after noise trauma (Norena and Eggermont, 2003). Furthermore, a reorganization of the tonotopic map in the auditory cortex has also been found after hearing loss (Rajan and Irvine, 1998; Rauschecker, 1999; Irvine et al, 2000; Komiya and Eggermont, 2000). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Computational models of neurophysiological correlates of tinnitus

Schaette¹,

Kempter²

2012

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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The understanding of tinnitus has progressed considerably in the past decade, but the details of the mechanisms that give rise to this phantom perception of sound without a corresponding acoustic stimulus have not yet been pinpointed. It is now clear that tinnitus is generated in the brain, not in the ear, and that it is correlated with pathologically altered spontaneous activity of neurons in the central auditory system. Both increased spontaneous firing rates and increased neuronal synchrony have been identified as putative neuronal correlates of phantom sounds in animal models, and both phenomena can be triggered by damage to the cochlea. Various mechanisms could underlie the generation of such aberrant activity. At the cellular level, decreased synaptic inhibition and increased neuronal excitability, which may be related to homeostatic plasticity, could lead to an over-amplification of natural spontaneous activity. At the network level, lateral inhibition could amplify differences in spontaneous activity, and structural changes such as reorganization of tonotopic maps could lead to self-sustained activity in recurrently connected neurons. However, it is difficult to disentangle the contributions of different mechanisms in experiments, especially since not all changes observed in animal models of tinnitus are necessarily related to tinnitus. Computational modeling presents an opportunity of evaluating these mechanisms and their relation to tinnitus. Here we review the computational models for the generation of neurophysiological correlates of tinnitus that have been proposed so far, and evaluate predictions and compare them to available data. We also assess the limits of their explanatory power, thus demonstrating where an understanding is still lacking and where further research may be needed. Identifying appropriate models is important for finding therapies, and we therefore, also summarize the implications of the models for approaches to treat tinnitus.

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“…The reason could be that the tinnitus is generated by initiation of neural reorganization due to excessive noise exposure or less input to the auditory system due to hearing impairment. It has been documented in previous studies that the generation of tinnitus may be linked to such reorganization [26][27][28][29][30] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%