Spontaneous kicking behavior in infants: Age-related effects of unilateral weighting

Vaal, Juliette; Soest, A. J. “Knoek” van; Hopkins, Brian

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2302(200003)36:2<111::aid-dev3>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Developmental differences in the effects of unilateral leg weighting on spontaneous kicking behavior also have been reported (Vaal, van Soest, & Hopkins, 2000). Human infants at 6, 12, 18 and 26 weeks of age had an external weight that totaled 33% of their estimated calf mass attached to the right leg during testing.…”

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confidence: 83%

Sensory feedback alters spontaneous limb movements in newborn rats: Effects of unilateral forelimb weighting

Brumley

Robinson

2012

Developmental Psychobiology

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Perinatal mammals show spontaneous movements that often appear random and uncoordinated. Here, we examined if spontaneous limb movements are responsive to a proprioceptive manipulation by applying a weight unilaterally to a forelimb of postnatal day 0 (P0; day of birth) and P1 rats. Weights were calibrated to approximate 0%, 25%, 50%, or 100% of the average mass of a forelimb, and were attached at the wrist. P0 and P1 pups showed different levels of activity during the period of limb weighting, in response to weight removal, and during the period after weighting. Pups exposed to 50% and 100% weights showed proportionately more activity in the nonweighted forelimb during the period of weighting, suggesting a threshold for evoking proprioceptive changes. Findings suggest that newborn rats use movement‐related feedback to modulate spontaneous motor activity, and corroborate studies of human infants that have suggested a role for proprioception during early motor development. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 323–333, 2013

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confidence: 83%

Sensory feedback alters spontaneous limb movements in newborn rats: Effects of unilateral forelimb weighting

Brumley

Robinson

2012

Developmental Psychobiology

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“…However, few studies have investigated the role of sensory feedback on motor behavior, particularly locomotion, during early development. Some methods used to investigate the effects of sensory feedback during early motor development include: limb weighting [18-26], interlimb yoking [19, 27, 28], treadmill training [25, 29], and responses to different substrates [16]. Together, these studies provide compelling evidence that early motor systems can adapt to sensory changes both during the sensory experience (real-time) and after the stimulus is removed (persistent effects).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range of motion (ROM) restriction influences quipazine-induced stepping behavior in postnatal day one and day ten rats

Strain

Brumley

2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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Previous research has shown that neonatal rats can adapt their stepping behavior in response to sensory feedback in real-time. The current study examined real-time and persistent effects of ROM (range of motion) restriction on stepping in P1 and P10 rats. On the day of testing, rat pups were suspended in a sling. After a 5-min baseline, they were treated with the serotonergic receptor agonist quipazine (3.0 mg/kg) or saline (vehicle control). Half of the pups had a Plexiglas plate placed beneath them at 50 percent of limb length to induce a period of ROM restriction during stepping. The entire test session included a 5-min baseline, 15-min ROM restriction, and 15-min post-ROM restriction periods. Following treatment with quipazine, there was an increase in both fore- and hindlimb total movement and alternated steps in P1 pups and P10 pups. P10 pups also showed more synchronized steps than P1 pups. During the ROM restriction period, there was a suppression of forelimb movement and synchronized steps. We did not find evidence of persistent effects of ROM restriction on the amount of stepping. However, real-time and persistent changes in intralimb coordination occurred. Developmental differences also were seen in the time course of stepping between P1 and P10 pups, with P10 subjects showing show less stepping than younger pups. These results suggest that sensory feedback modulates locomotor activity during the period of development in which the neural mechanisms of locomotion are undergoing rapid development.

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“…Despite the growing interest in the effects of weight on different motor skills of healthy infants, there is still no consensus in literature about its real effects. There are reports that additional weight changes the kicking frequency (Chen et al;Vaal, Van Soest, & Hopkins, 2000), increases the mean velocity, and decreases the number of movement units of reaching (Out et al) besides providing a coupling between the upper limbs in bimanual reaching (Rocha et al) in healthy full-term infants. These results were in part attributed to the increased proprioception and neural activation caused by weight.…”

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confidence: 79%

Additional Weight Influences the Reaching Behavior of Low-Risk Preterm Infants

Toledo

Soares

Tudella

2012

Journal of Motor Behavior

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The authors investigated the influence of additional weight in the reaching behavior of preterm infants. Nine low-risk preterm and 10 full-term infants age 5-7 months participated. A toy was presented in two procedures: (a) baseline and (b) additional weight (bracelet with weight of 20% of the infant's upper limb mass). The additional weight reduced the straightness index at 5 months, increased the mean velocity and decreased the movement units at all months, and increased unsuccessful grasps at 5 and 7 months in preterm infants. Preterm infants showed less movement units at all months and less unsuccessful grasps at 6 months compared with full-term infants. Weight disturbance seems to change the intrinsic dynamics involved in reaching movements of 5-7-month-old preterm infants.

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Spontaneous kicking behavior in infants: Age-related effects of unilateral weighting

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Sensory feedback alters spontaneous limb movements in newborn rats: Effects of unilateral forelimb weighting

Sensory feedback alters spontaneous limb movements in newborn rats: Effects of unilateral forelimb weighting

Range of motion (ROM) restriction influences quipazine-induced stepping behavior in postnatal day one and day ten rats

Additional Weight Influences the Reaching Behavior of Low-Risk Preterm Infants

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