Spontaneous Lysosomal Storage Disease Caused by Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) Poisoning in Cattle

Abstract

Abstract. Clinical and pathologic findings for the spontaneous poisoning by Sida carpinifolia in cattle are described in this study. A survey on field cases of S. carpinifolia in cattle was carried out on farms of Alto Vale do Itajaí, State of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Sixteen affected animals were clinically evaluated and 9 were subjected to postmortem examination. The main clinical signs consisted of marching gait, alert gaze, head tremors, and poor growth. Histologic and ultrastructural lesions consisted of vacuolization and distension of neuronal perikarya, mainly from Purkinje cells, and of the cytoplasm of acinar pancreatic and thyroid follicular cells. Clinical signs and lesions varied from mild to severe. Improvement of the clinical signs was observed in cattle after a period of up to 90 days without consuming the plant; however, residual lesions, mainly characterized by axonal spheroids and absence of Purkinje neurons in some areas of the cerebellum, were observed in these cases. It is concluded that the natural chronic consumption of S. carpinifolia was the etiologic cause of storage disease in cattle in this study.

Polycystic Kidneys and GM2Gangliosidosis-Like Disease in Neonatal Springboks (Antidorcas marsupialis)

“…Experimentally or spontaneously induced intoxications can cause similar cytoplasmic vacuolation in hepatocytes, thyroid gland epithelium, and Purkinje cells and/or cystic kidneys. 1,8,12,14 However, there was no indication of a toxic etiology of the described storage disease, such as, plant intoxication with Malvaceae ( Sidacarpinifolia ) and Convolvulaceae ( Ipomoea carnea subsp fistulosa ) as reported in cattle and goats. 1,9,14 However, to substantiate the suspected GM 2 gangliosidosis of the 0-variant, possible mutations have to be determined by molecular and further enzymatic assays to confirm a hexosaminidase defect.…”

Malvaceae Juss.

“…The disease has been diagnosed in cattle, sheep, goats, fallow deer, and horses, and experimentally reproduced as well (Driemeier et al 2000;Colodel et al 2002a;Loretti et al 2003;Seitz et al 2005;Furlan et al 2008Furlan et al , 2009Pedroso et al 2009;. prolonged periods occurs in South America, particularly Brazil.…”

Hydrallantois in cows naturally poisoned by Sida carpinifolia in Brazil

“…Sida carpinifolia (family Malvaceae , subfamily Malvaceae ) is a small subshrub distributed throughout Brazil, mainly in humid and shaded areas in the south, southeast, and midwest regions. 11 S. carpinifolia poisoning has been reported in goats, 3 horses, 1,9 sheep, 18 cattle, 4 and deer. 13 This plant contains an indolizidine alkaloid (swainsonine) that inhibits α-mannosidase, a lysosomal enzyme, and thus induces the accumulation of mannose-containing oligosaccharides in the lysosomes of several cell types.…”