Spontaneous mediastinal myeloid sarcoma in a common marmoset (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>) and review of the veterinary literature

Morosco, Danielle T.; Cline, Curtis R; Owston, Michael A.; Kumar, Shyamesh; Dick, Edward J.

doi:10.1111/jmp.12253

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There have been few case reports of MS in domestic animals involving the lung, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, liver or skin in dogs and cats and the skeletal muscle in cattle 13 . MS has presented as a mediastinal mass in dogs and the common marmoset 13,14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloproliferative Disorder with Intraoral Lesions in an Olive Baboon (Papio anubis)

Clemmons

González

Thornton³

et al. 2020

J of Medical Primatology

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Spontaneous myeloid leukemia is rarely reported in non-human primates. We report a case of myeloproliferative disorder suggestive of acute myeloid leukemia with intraoral lesions in an olive baboon (Papio anubis). Clinical pathology, radiology, gross examination (pre-mortem and post-mortem), histopathology, and immunohistochemistry findings are provided. K E Y W O R D S acute myeloid leukemia, baboon, myeloid sarcoma, non-human primate >20 000/mm 3 , or an elevated serum LDH level at presentation. 11,12 This baboon had a white blood cell count of >25 000/mm 3 and LDH of 2069 U/L (normal range 89-332 U/L). Myeloid sarcoma (MS), previously known as "granulocytic sarcoma" or "chloroma", is a rare tumor strongly associated with AML and myelodysplastic syndromes. 1,2 A variety of tissues may be affected by MS, including the skin, bones, gastrointestinal tract, and upper respiratory tract. 1 Rarely, intraoral MS develops. 1 There have been few reports of MS developing in a socket following dental extraction. 1 The majority of intraoral MS occurs in patients with known AML, but it can be the first sign of AML. 1,2 There have been few case reports of MS in domestic animals involving the lung, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, liver or skin in dogs and cats and the skeletal muscle in cattle. 13 MS has presented as a mediastinal mass in dogs and the common marmoset. 13,14 On initial presentation, it was presumed that this animal had a tooth root abscess. Tooth root abscesses are commonly observed in NHP and treatment options include lancing, flushing, extraction or root canal of affected teeth and systemic medications. 15,16 MS associated with AML should be considered a differential in NHPs with suspected tooth root abscess or gingival swelling and ulceration that is accompanied by unexpected hematologic abnormalities. 2

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloproliferative Disorder with Intraoral Lesions in an Olive Baboon (Papio anubis)

Clemmons

González

Thornton³

et al. 2020

J of Medical Primatology

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“…These solid tumors either precede (e.g., isolated myeloid sarcoma without leukemia) or follow the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia . There are only a few case reports of myeloid sarcomas in animals, affecting the skeletal muscle in cattle and the lung, gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, liver, or skin in dogs or cats; progression to acute myeloid leukemia is undocumented . Regardless, the study was not designed to determine the actual cause of the mass, but rather just assess whether there were differences between myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms regarding the presence and size of this radiographic finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dogs with acute myeloid leukemia or lymphoid neoplasms (large cell lymphoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia) may have indistinguishable mediastinal masses on radiographs

Epperly

Hume

Moirano

et al. 2018

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Acute myeloid leukemia is an uncommon hematopoietic neoplasm of dogs that should be differentiated from lymphoid neoplasms, such as lymphoma, because of different treatment protocols and a worse prognosis. Thoracic radiography is performed frequently in dogs with suspected hematopoietic neoplasia, and detecting a mediastinal mass often prioritizes lymphoma as the most likely diagnosis. However, we have observed a mediastinal mass in several dogs with acute myeloid leukemia and hypothesized that (1) the frequency of a mediastinal mass was higher and (2) the size of the mass was larger in dogs with acute myeloid leukemia compared to dogs with lymphoid neoplasms. In this analytical study (observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional), the sample population included 238 dogs with hematopoietic neoplasia. These dogs were divided into lymphoid (large cell lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and myeloid groups based on standard phenotyping tests. A mediastinal mass was detected during thoracic radiography in 73/218 (33%) and nine of 20 (45%) dogs in the lymphoid and myeloid groups (P = 0.21), respectively. The median size ratio of mediastinal mass to cardiac silhouette was 0.20 and 0.23 in the lymphoid and myeloid groups (P = 0.96), respectively. Additionally, we observed normal thoracic radiographs in 111/218 (51%) dogs in the lymphoid group and nine of 20 (45%) dogs in the myeloid group. In conclusion, acute myeloid leukemia should be considered when a mediastinal mass is detected during radiography in dogs with suspected hematopoietic neoplasia-but the presence or size of a mediastinal mass does not differentiate between myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms.

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“…11 Furthermore, there is one report of eosinophilic granulocytic sarcoma in an 18-month-old female rabbit 12 and a 9-month-old female common marmoset, respectively. 13 Up until now, two cases in swine have been published. 14,15 One was the individually published case of a 5-year-old mixed-breed female pig, sent in for slaughtering, with the incidental finding of eosinophilic granulocytic sarcoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,16 In the rabbit, lesions have been found in skin, subcutis and skeletal muscle, 12 whereas the marmoset had a mediastinal mass. 13 In one of the porcine cases, lesions concentrated on abdominal organs such as kidneys, liver and mesenteric lymph nodes. 14 The other pig, apart from green-coloured neoplastic foci in the kidneys and various lymph nodes, showed extensive infiltration of long bones, vertebrae, sternum and ribs, with obliteration of bone marrow, myelofibrosis and reabsorption of compact bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A rare case of multicentric eosinophilic granulocytic sarcoma as cause of hindlimb weakness and non‐regenerative anaemia in a minipig

Weyrich

Becker

Vienenkötter

et al. 2021

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 6-year-old male, neutered minipig developed progressive hindlimb weakness and finally became recumbent. Clinical and laboratory examination revealed restricted hindlimb mobility and weight bearing with unimpaired reflexes and proprioception as well as marked non-regenerative macrocytic anaemia, neutropenia and lymphocytopenia. Underlying bone marrow disease and haematopoietic neoplasia were assumed after exclusion of spinal disc herniation and infectious causes for anaemia. Despite stabilising therapy, the animal died 7 days later. Postmortem examination revealed multiple beige-coloured nodules affecting many organs including the bone marrow and consisting of neoplastic round cells with intracytoplasmic eosinophilic granules. Using various histopathological stains and immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells were determined to be of eosinophil granulocyte origin. Granulocytic sarcoma is a rare form of myeloid neoplasia with only two published porcine cases. With the increasing popularity of minipigs as companion animals, extensive awareness and information concerning illnesses in these animals should be available to practitioners.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Spontaneous mediastinal myeloid sarcoma in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and review of the veterinary literature

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Myeloproliferative Disorder with Intraoral Lesions in an Olive Baboon (Papio anubis)

Myeloproliferative Disorder with Intraoral Lesions in an Olive Baboon (Papio anubis)

Dogs with acute myeloid leukemia or lymphoid neoplasms (large cell lymphoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia) may have indistinguishable mediastinal masses on radiographs

A rare case of multicentric eosinophilic granulocytic sarcoma as cause of hindlimb weakness and non‐regenerative anaemia in a minipig

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