Spontaneous Motility of Actin Lamellar Fragments

Blanch-Mercader, Carles; Casademunt, Jaume

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.110.078102

Cited by 73 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…This leads to a m,2n+1 = b m,2n = c m,2n+1 = 0 for all integer values of m and n. To find the final solution for a finite circular droplet, we can substitute the solutions eqs. (19), (20), and (21) into the approximated equations of motion; eqs. (14), (15), and (16) and boundary conditions; eqs.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(19), (20), and (21) can be reduced by assuming that they will be symmetric about the x-axis, since the system, defined by the polarisation and the boundary conditions, obeys this symmetry. This implies that a m,2n+1 = b m,2n = c m,2n+1 = 0 and leaves…”

Section: Appendix B Calculation Of Steady State For Circular Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(B.18) and comparing coefficients of cos j (θ) gives the following set of simultaneous equations: [46] for the finite case where we truncate the general solutions eqs. (19), (20) and (21) by assuming that a m,n = b m,n = c m,n = 0 when m + n ≥ i, where i is a finite integer. By solving at various values of i we find that the general solutions are attained for i ≥ 6 because when coefficients that have m + n > 6 are included these are found to be 0.…”

Section: Appendix B Calculation Of Steady State For Circular Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Blanch-Mercader and Casademunt show analytically in [20] that an actin lamellar fragment is unstable to perturbations in shape when polymerisation forces act at the membrane. Similarly, in [21] and [22] the authors use phase field based approaches to model the crawling motility of an actin gel driven by polymerisation at the leading edge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active polar fluid flow in finite droplets

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We present a continuum level analytical model of a droplet of active contractile fluid consisting of filaments and motors. We calculate the steady state flows that result from a splayed polarisation of the filaments. We account for interaction with the external medium by imposing a viscous friction at the fixed droplet boundary. We then show that the droplet has non-zero force dipole and quadrupole moments, the latter of which is essential for self-propelled motion of the droplet at low Reynolds' number. Therefore, this calculation describes a simple mechanism for the motility of a droplet of active contractile fluid embedded in a three-dimensional environment, which is relevant to cell migration in confinement (for example, embedded within a gel or tissue). Our analytical results predict how the system depends on various parameters such as the effective friction coefficient, the phenomenological activity parameter and the splay of the imposed polarisation.

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Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix B Calculation Of Steady State For Circular Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix B Calculation Of Steady State For Circular Dropletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active polar fluid flow in finite droplets

et al. 2014

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“…[33][34][35][36][37] The coupling between these two elds is inspired by the underlying biological processes: 15 actin is nucleated close to the membrane,{ with a rate b. On the other hand, existing actin that is polymerizing locally pushes against the membrane and advects it, with a rate a.…”

Section: Brief Description Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling crawling cell movement on soft engineered substrates

2014

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Self-propelled motion, emerging spontaneously or in response to external cues, is a hallmark of living organisms. Systems of self-propelled synthetic particles are also relevant for multiple applications, from targeted drug delivery to the design of self-healing materials. Self-propulsion relies on the force transfer to the surrounding. While self-propelled swimming in the bulk of liquids is fairly well characterized, many open questions remain in our understanding of self-propelled motion along substrates, such as in the case of crawling cells or related biomimetic objects. How is the force transfer organized and how does it interplay with the deformability of the moving object and the substrate? How do the spatially dependent traction distribution and adhesion dynamics give rise to complex cell behavior? How can we engineer a specific cell response on synthetic compliant substrates? Here we generalize our recently developed model for a crawling cell by incorporating locally resolved traction forces and substrate deformations.The model captures the generic structure of the traction force distribution and faithfully reproduces experimental observations, like the response of a cell on a gradient in substrate elasticity (durotaxis). It also exhibits complex modes of cell movement such as "bipedal" motion. Our work may guide experiments on cell traction force microscopy and substrate-based cell sorting and can be helpful for the design of biomimetic "crawlers" and active and reconfigurable self-healing materials.

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