Spontaneous outbreak of Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae) poisoning in cattle in Argentina

Martínez, Adrián; Lauroua, Catalina; Borrelli, Laura; Gardner, Dale R.; Robles, Carlos Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.11.303

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the spontaneous poisoning by A. pehuenches, the mortality rate was 90% (63/70) in cattle (Martinez et al 2019a) and 73% (273/300) in sheep (Robles et al 2000). In the last case, the intoxication occurred in winter, although the snow had covered the available grass (Robles et al 2000).…”

Section: Spontaneous and Experimental Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-mannosidosis caused by toxic plants in ruminants of Argentina

Cholich

Martínez

Micheloud

et al. 2021

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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It is well known that several of the swainsonine-containing plant species found widespread around the world have a negative economic impact in each country.In Argentina, most of the information on the poisonous plant species that produce α-mannosidosis is published in Spanish and thus not available to most Englishspeaking researchers interested in toxic plants. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the information about swainsonine-containing plants in Argentina, which are extensively distributed throughout different ecoregions of the country. To date, fi ve species from three genera have been shown to induce α-mannosidosis in livestock in Argentina: Ipomoea carnea subsp. fi stulosa, Ipomoea hieronymi subsp. calchaquina (Convolvulaceae), Astragalus garbancillo, Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae), and Sida rodrigoi (Malvaceae). These species contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits the lysosomal enzyme α-mannosidase and consequently affects glycoprotein metabolism, resulting in partially metabolized sugars. The prolonged consumption of these poisonous plants produces progressive weight loss and clinical signs related to a nervous disorder, characterized by tremors of head and neck, abnormalities of gait, diffi culty in standing, ataxia and wide-based stance. Histological lesions are mainly characterized by vacuolation of different cells, especially neurons of the central nervous system. The main animal model used to study α-mannosidosis is the guinea pig because, when experimentally poisoned, it exhibits many of the characteristics of naturally intoxicated livestock.

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Section: Spontaneous and Experimental Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-mannosidosis caused by toxic plants in ruminants of Argentina

Cholich

Martínez

Micheloud

et al. 2021

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Recently, a first report of a spontaneous outbreak of A. pehuenches Niederl. poisoning was documented in Argentina (Martinez, Lauroua, Borrelli, Gardner, & Robles, 2019). The poisoning was fatal (63 out of 70 cattle died) and was attributed to the swainsonine component of A. pehuenches , despite being present at low concentrations (approximately, 0.096% on a dry weight basis) (Martinez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Toxic Astragalus Spp and Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…poisoning was documented in Argentina (Martinez, Lauroua, Borrelli, Gardner, & Robles, 2019). The poisoning was fatal (63 out of 70 cattle died) and was attributed to the swainsonine component of A. pehuenches , despite being present at low concentrations (approximately, 0.096% on a dry weight basis) (Martinez et al, 2019). The neurological signs observed in that case, such as ataxia and incoordination, were also attributed to swainsonine toxicity (Martinez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Toxic Astragalus Spp and Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its demonstrated beneficial biological activities (Tables 2–4), the Astragalus spp. contains toxic components such as alkaloids, selenium, glucosides, nitrites, saponins, and swainsonine (Beath et al, 1932; Buckeridge, 1965; Martinez et al, 2019; Stermitz et al, 1969; Stermitz et al, 1972; Williams, 1980; Williams & Gómez‐Sosa, 1986; Williams & James, 1975; Williams & Parker, 1974; Williams & Wayne, 1967). The safety of Astragalus spp.…”

Section: Toxic Astragalus Spp and Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Astragalus species: Insights on its chemical composition toward pharmacological applications

Salehi

Carneiro

Rocha

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Astragalus L. is widely distributed throughout the temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. The genus is widely used in folk medicine and in dietary supplements, as well as in cosmetics, teas, coffee, vegetable gums, and as forage for animals.The major phytoconstituents of Astragalus species with beneficial properties are saponins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. Astragalus extracts and their isolated components exhibited promising in vitro and in vivo biological activities, including antiaging, antiinfective, cytoprotective, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabesity, and immune-enhancing properties. Considering their proven therapeutic potential, the aim of this work is to give a comprehensive summary of the Astragalus spp. and their active components, in an attempt to provide new insight for further clinical development of these xenobiotics. This is the first review that briefly describes their ethnopharmacology, composition, biological, and toxicological properties.

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“…9,12,17,19 Locoism is an acquired α-mannosidosis that is associated with consumption of plants of the genus Astragalus , 12,17 Sida , 13 Oxytropis , 19 Swainsona , 3 and Ipomoea . 11 Approximately 70 species of the genus Astragalus are native to Argentina, 6,7 where natural intoxication by Astragalus pehuenches in sheep 17 and cattle 10 in the Patagonia region, and Astragalus garbancillo var. garbancillo in sheep 12 and llamas 9 in the northwest region of the country have been described.…”

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confidence: 99%

Intoxication of llamas by Astragalus punae in Argentina

et al. 2022

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Several plants that contain indolizidine alkaloids, including swainsonine, are toxic to livestock, causing dysfunctional lysosomes and storage disease. Swainsonine induces a neurovisceral disease, known as locoism, in sheep, goats, and cattle, which occurs in several parts of the world, including, but not limited to, the western United States, China, and parts of Australia. In South America, locoism has been described in the Andean region of Argentina affecting sheep, cattle, and llamas. Intoxication by consumption of Astragalus punae was suspected in 4 llamas in Jujuy Province, northwestern Argentina. The grazing area contained abundant specimens of A. punae. The clinical course was ~15 d, and included moderate ataxia, incoordination of hindlimbs, and progressive loss of body condition. Microscopically, fine cytoplasmic microvacuolation was observed in the proximal convoluted renal tubules. Ultrastructurally, these changes consisted of severely dilated lysosomes. Swainsonine was detected in stem and leaf samples of A. punae at a concentration of 0.06%. Based on clinical history and signs, histologic and ultrastructural changes, and plant analysis, a diagnosis of swainsonine toxicosis caused by consumption of A. punae was made, which has not been reported previously, to our knowledge.

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Spontaneous outbreak of Astragalus pehuenches (Fabaceae) poisoning in cattle in Argentina

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Alpha-mannosidosis caused by toxic plants in ruminants of Argentina

Alpha-mannosidosis caused by toxic plants in ruminants of Argentina

Astragalus species: Insights on its chemical composition toward pharmacological applications

Intoxication of llamas by Astragalus punae in Argentina

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