Spontaneous peritoneal and retroperitoneal hemorrhage, rare serious complication following carotid angioplasty with stent

Perirenal hemorrhage secondary to interventional radiology operation against head and neck vessels: two cases report and review of the literature

“…Because bleeding never occurred in these two patients in the past during their long-term use of antiplatelet aggregation drugs, the coagulation indicators of case 1 were normal, fibrinogen levels were increased in case 2 before the operation and fibrinogen levels were increased in both patients after operation, we could not attribute the causes of the perirenal hemorrhages to the use of antiplatelet aggregation drugs. In fact, the cases reported by other authors also used antiplatelet aggregation drugs before their operations [4]. Although the imaging results obtained after the occurrences of perirenal hemorrhage did not necessarily show active hemorrhages, we believe that intraoperative error was the root cause of the perirenal hemorrhage and that preoperative antiplatelet aggregation treatment might worsen the severity of the perirenal hemorrhage.…”

“…Spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage refers to the clinical syndrome of nontraumatic, acute hemorrhage underneath the renal capsule and/or perirenal space (also called retroperitoneal hemorrhage [4,5] or Wunderlich syndrome [7,8]). Common causes include kidney tumors and nodular polyarteritis [8,9].…”

“…Due to the hidden bleeding and a lack of specificity in its manifesta-tions, perirenal hemorrhage as a complication of interventional radiology is not always diagnosed in a timely manner. Over the past 10 years, only two cases secondary to interventional radiology operation against head and neck vessels were reported on PubMed [4,5]. However, to date, there has been no report on multiple patients who each had a perirenal hemorrhage on the same side after interventional radiology operation against head and neck vessels by the same operator on the same day at the same medical institution.…”

Retroperitoneal Haemorrhage as a Dangerous Complication of Endovascular Cerebral Aneurysmal Coiling

“…The diagnosis of retroperitoneal haemorrhage is difficult because its symptoms mimic other conditions (Akata et al 1998, Cho et al 2011, Haviv et al 1996, Illescas et al 1986, Kent et al 1994, Murai et al 2010. Signs and symptoms are nonspecific and include anaemia in 100%, back pain in 23%, groin pain in 46% and lower abdominal pain in 42% of patients according to Farouque's report (Farouque et al 2005).…”

“…Neurological signs, such as lower extremity pain, can result from compression of the femoral nerves. Cho et al reported (Cho et al, 2011) that retroperitonal hemorrhage can present a diagnostic dilemma because it can present with a variety of symptoms, which, in order of frequency, include abdominal pain, hip and thigh pain, hypotension, anemia, and back pain. These vague symptoms can cause delay of diagnosis and treatment; consequently, it can lead to severe morbidity or mortality (Cho et al, 2011).…”