Spontaneous pneumomediastinum revisited

Meireles, J.; Neves, Sara E.; Castro, Alexandra; França, Margarida

doi:10.1016/j.rmedc.2011.03.005

Cited by 50 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Spontaneous (atraumatic) pnuemomediastinum is uncommon, with a reported incidence of between 1:7000 and 1:45 000 2. Inhaled recreational drugs such as cocaine and nitrous oxide have been reported as precipitating factors, along with asthma, emesis and coughing 2.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unusual cause of pneumomediastinum

et al. 2018

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Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhaled recreational drugs such as cocaine and nitrous oxide have been reported as precipitating factors, along with asthma, emesis and coughing 2. The condition is often self-limiting.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual cause of pneumomediastinum

et al. 2018

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“…It is a rare, self-limiting condition that can cause widespread subcutaneous surgical emphysema 1. Such cases generally occur in healthy patients following Valsalva manoeuvre, emesis or excessive coughing 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum

Ojha¹,

Gaskin

2018

BMJ Case Reports

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Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is the presence of free air within the mediastinum that is not associated with trauma. It is a rare, self-limiting condition that can cause widespread subcutaneous surgical emphysema. We present the case of a 12-year-old boy who presented with widespread spontaneous surgical emphysema and pneumomediastinum, with no history of trauma or respiratory tract disease. We discuss our assessment of him and management with our multidisciplinary team (MDT), and whether radiological investigations including CT are helpful in such cases. In conclusion, we hypothesised that the child's coughing was the most likely cause of the tracheal rupture leading to the spontaneous surgical emphysema. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the paediatric patient is extremely rare. This case highlights how spontaneous pneumomediastinum can be successfully managed conservatively, and how MDT input can be helpful in guiding management in such unusual cases.

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“… 1 - 3 It was first described by Louis Hamman in 1939, which is why it is also known as Hamman's syndrome. 1 , 2 , 4 - 7 However, secondary pneumomediastinum had previously been reported as a traumatic complication, by René Laennec in 1819. (7) SPM is a benign and usually self-limiting condition that primarily affects young males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, the precipitating factor or underlying disease cannot be identified 1 8 The literature describes pre-existing factors/conditions that facilitate the onset of SPM, known as predisposing factors, and events/conditions that trigger it, known as precipitating factors 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: experience in 18 patients during the last 12 years

et al. 2017

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Objective:To characterize clinically all of the patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) admitted to an adult pulmonology ward in Lisbon, Portugal. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of all adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) diagnosed with SPM between January of 2004 and September of 2015. Results: At least one predisposing factor was identified in most (88.9%) of the 18 patients who presented with SPM during the study period. With regard to precipitating factors, bouts of cough were present in 50.0% of the patients. Other precipitating factors included a sudden increase in tobacco consumption, inhaled drug use, occupational inhalation of varnish fumes, intense exercise, and vomiting. The most common complaints were dyspnea (in 83.3%) and chest pain (in 77.8%). Other complaints included cough, neck pain, dysphagia, and odynophagia. Subcutaneous emphysema was found in most of the patients. The diagnosis of SPM was based on chest X-ray findings in 61.1% of the patients. Conclusions: Although SPM is a rare condition, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest pain and dyspnea. It can develop without a triggering event or conclusive findings on a chest X-ray, which is usually sufficient for diagnosis.

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Spontaneous pneumomediastinum revisited

Cited by 50 publications

References 19 publications

Unusual cause of pneumomediastinum

Unusual cause of pneumomediastinum

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: experience in 18 patients during the last 12 years

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