Spontaneous Polarization of Hydrogen-Saturated Composite Materials

Phenomena in Polarized Disperse Systems Caused by Exchange-Correlation Interaction between Particles

“…Now let us make some estimates. Assuming in expressions (5), (7) -(9): Т = 300 К; l = 10 −5 m; E p = 5 × 10 3 V/m (these values correspond to the experimental data [11] Thus according to (9), the static dielectric permittivity of a spontaneously polarized finely dispersed semiconductor is negative.…”

“…The external field strength in a system with ε < 0 vanishes (see (11)). So let us consider spontaneous polarization of the structure (Figure 3 This transition occurs due to the positive feedback between the field strength E c and the polarization charges on the pates surface (see Equation 17).…”

“…The zero ohmic loss has also been observed for a sine-wave current in finely dispersed compounds KMnO 4 [8] [10] and KNaC 4 H 4 O 6 •4Н 2 О [9] placed in molecular hydrogen and vacuum, respectively. In the case of the finely dispersed dielectrics KMnO 4 , Pb(NO 3 ) 2 and CsNO 3 with donor centers on the particle surfaces, there is observed spontaneous emergence of a macroscopic electric field [11] [12] [13]. This effect can result from mutual repulsion of opposite charges in the powder bulk due to the inequality ε < 0.…”

Nano- and Microstructures with Equal Zero Ohmic Losses in a Spontaneously Polarized State

“…Chemisorption of hydrogen on the surface of finely dispersed KMnO 4 , Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , and CsNO 3 compounds is accompanied by the appearance of charge carriers in powder particles in connection with the appearance of surface donors in the form of interstitial hydrogen atoms. In these powders, the surfaces of microparticles of which are saturated with hydrogen atoms, a macroscopic electric field spontaneously arises [15][16][17]. The spontaneously polarized powder serves as a source of direct electric current due to conversion of heat from the environment into the work of the electric field.…”

“…The aim of this work is to study the energy conversion process that accompanies the electric current in polarized finely dispersed dielectrics with donor centers on their surfaces. We solve the problem of theoretically describing the results obtained in the experiments, as well as the experimental patterns established earlier [15][16][17].…”