Spontaneous progression of experimental peri‐implantitis in augmented and pristine bone: A pre‐clinical in vivo study

Abstract

Objective To examine the progression of experimental peri‐implantitis around different implants placed in augmented and pristine sites. Materials and Methods Six labrador dogs were used. Three months after tooth extraction, four implants with different surface modifications were installed on each side of the mandible. A standard osteotomy was applied on one side, while on the contralateral side the osteotomy was modified, resulting in a gap between the implant and the bone wall. The gap was filled with a bone substitute and covered by a resorbable membrane. Three months after implant installation, implants were exposed and healing abutments were connected. Two months later, oral hygiene procedures were abandoned and a cotton ligature was placed in a submarginal position around the neck of all implants and kept in place for 4 weeks. Following ligature removal, plaque formation continued for 6 months (spontaneous progression period). Radiographs were obtained throughout the experiment, and biopsies were collected and prepared for histological evaluation at the end of the spontaneous progression period. Results Differences in bone loss during the spontaneous progression period between pristine and augmented sites were small. The size and vertical dimension of the peri‐implantitis lesion were larger at augmented than at pristine sites. Implants with non‐modified surfaces exhibited smaller amounts of bone loss and smaller dimensions of peri‐implantitis lesions than implants with modified surfaces. Conclusion Small differences in spontaneous progression of peri‐implantitis were detected between pristine and augmented sites. Implants with modified surfaces exhibited more bone loss and larger lesions than implants with non‐modified surfaces, irrespective of the type of surrounding bone.

Microbial and host‐derived biomarker changes during ligature‐induced and spontaneous peri‐implantitis in the Beagle dog

“…Into the bargain, clinical 37 and preclinical 38 data pointed out that peri‐implantitis resolution in implants with turned surface was more efficient than with micro‐rough surfaces. Notwithstanding, to our best knowledge, this is the first experimental report testing the concept of hybrid implants compared to previous trials that evaluated machined‐surface implants 1,30,31,39 . Our findings indicated that implant surface characteristics in the coronal aspect of the influences the pro‐inflammatory profile (IL‐1β) during spontaneous progression of peri‐implantitis.…”

“…Notwithstanding, to our best knowledge, this is the first experimental report testing the concept of hybrid implants compared to previous trials that evaluated machined-surface implants. 1,30,31,39 Our findings indicated that implant surface characteristics in the coronal aspect of the influences the pro-inflammatory profile (IL-1β) during spontaneous progression of peri-implantitis. From these data, it can be speculated that in individuals prone to develop peri-implantitis based on altered susceptibility (ie, with history of periodontal disease, irregular supportive care or suboptimal plaque control), 40…”

Effect of biofilm formation on implant abutments with an anti‐bacterial coating: A pre‐clinical in vivo study

“…All oral hygiene measures were abandoned, and plaque formation was allowed until the end of the experiment. The ligatures were removed 4 weeks later (Carcuac et al, 2020). The radiographic examination was repeated at 3, 6 and 8 months after abutment connection, and the microbiological sampling was repeated at 6 and 7.5 months after abutment connection.…”

A Proposed Protocol for Ordinary and Extraordinary Hygienic Maintenance in Different Implant Prosthetic Scenarios

“…For instance, the prevalence of peri-implantitis in patients with implants in augmented sites is more variable and less predictable compared with the prevalence in patients with implants in pristine sites [40][41][42][43][44]. There are differences in bone loss during the spontaneous progression period between pristine and augmented: the size and vertical dimension of the peri-implantitis lesion were larger at augmented than at pristine sites and the findings seemed to be confirmed by clinical data, which showed a faster and worsening progression of peri-implantitis in augmented bone [45].…”