Spontaneous synthesis and release of C16 juvenile hormone by isolated corpora allata of female locust Schistocerca gregaria and female cockroach Periplaneta americana

Pratt, G. E.; Tobe, Stephen S.; Weaver, Robert J.; Finney, Jean R.

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(75)90170-7

Cited by 84 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…These results suggest that in embryonic CA of D. punctata, MF does not saturate MF epoxidase. This finding is similar to results in adult female P. amaricana (Pratt et al, 1975), which is also in agreement with the claim that MF epoxidase is not a rate-limiting enzyme in the JH-biosynthetic pathway in D. punctata Schooley and Baker, 1985). In contrast, in R. maderae, MF was retained in the CA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Juvenile hormone and methyl farnesoate production in cockroach embryos in relation to dorsal closure and the reproductive modes of different species of cockroaches

2007

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Juvenile hormone (JH), produced by the corpora allata (CA), is first detectable after dorsal closure, a conspicuous event in embryogenesis. The present research found that the timing of dorsal closure was consistently at about 45% of the total embryonic development time across most of the oviparous and ovoviviparous cockroach species examined. These included the ovoviviparous cockroaches Blaberus discoidalis, Byrsotria fumigata, Rhyparobia maderae, Nauphoeta cinerea, Phoetalia pallida, Schultesia lampyridiformis, and Panchlora nivea, as well as the oviparous cockroaches Blatta orientalis, Periplaneta americana, Eurycotis floridana, and Supella longipalpa. However, the only known viviparous cockroach Diploptera punctata completed dorsal closure at 20.8% of embryo development time. Methyl farnesoate (MF), the immediate precursor of JH III, is considered a functional molecule in crustaceans; however, in insects its function is still unclear. To understand the role of JH and MF in cockroach embryos, I compared JH and MF biosynthesis and release in several cockroach species of known phylogenetic relationships. Using a radiochemical assay, the present research showed that cockroach embryos representing all three reproductive modes produced and released both JH and MF, as previously shown for B. germanica, N. cinerea, and D. punctata. Members of a pair of embryonic CA from B. discoidalis, B. fumigata, R. maderae, and D. punctata were incubated with and without farnesol. MF accumulated in large amounts only in CA of R. maderae in the presence of farnesol, which indicates that control of the last step of biosynthesis of JH, conversion of MF into JH by MF epoxidase, is probably a rate-limiting step in this species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Juvenile hormone and methyl farnesoate production in cockroach embryos in relation to dorsal closure and the reproductive modes of different species of cockroaches

2007

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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“…Specific inhibition of methyl farnesoate epoxidase activity by 1,5-disubstituted imidazoles resulted in an increase in MF content in D. punctata (Unnithan et al, 1995). Elevated concentrations of exogenous FA led to an accumulation of MF in corpora allata from P. americana (Pratt et al, 1975). In G. bimaculatus, MF accumulation was observed after treatment of the glands with either 20·µmol·l -1 or 200·µmol·l -1 farnesol (Wennauer and Hoffmann, 1988).…”

Section: Responsiveness Of Ca Complexes To Famentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The addition of FA to the incubation medium containing isolated corpora allata results in a significant stimulation of JH biosynthesis in Schistocerca gregaria, P. americana, D. punctata (Pratt et al, 1975;, Tenebrio molitor (Weaver et al, 1980), M. sexta (Unni et al, 1991) and A. mellifera . Moreover, Borovsky et al (1994b) found that mosquito A. aegypti ovary can synthesize JH III from FA in vivo and in vitro.…”

Section: Responsiveness Of Ca Complexes To Famentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of JH biosynthesis by the corpora allata of adult female Aedes aegypti in vitro: effect of farnesoic acid and Aedesallatotropin

Unnithan

Veenstra

et al. 2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Previous studies have demonstrated that the synthesis of juvenile hormone(JH) by the isolated corpora allata (CA) complex in vitro as well as the JH titer in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti are elevated before feeding and low after a blood meal. In the present study, we used an in vitro radiochemical assay to analyze the effect of farnesoic acid(FA) and Aedes allatotropin (Aedes-AT) on the biosynthesis of JH and methyl farnesoate (MF) by the isolated CA complex of A. aegypti adult female. CA complex from day-0 females (0–1 h after emergence) exhibited a low basal juvenile hormone III (JH III) biosynthetic activity and did not respond to either allatotropic or FA stimulation. However, incubation of CA complexes from newly emerged females with Aedes-AT plus FA resulted in very high production of JH III. This is the first report suggesting that allatotropin makes corpora allata in newly emerged females capable for JH biosynthesis. When we studied CA complexes dissected from females 1 day after emergence, the stimulatory action of Aedes-AT was strong and dose-dependent,with maximum stimulation in the range of 10–8–10–9 mol l–1,suggesting that Aedes-AT is indeed a true allatotropin (a molecule with allatotropic activity) in A. aegypti. The addition to the culture medium of 40 μmol l–1 FA, a JH precursor, resulted in a 9-fold increase in JH III biosynthesis in 2-, 4- and 6-day-old sugar-fed females. The two major labeled products synthesized by the stimulated CA complex were identified as JH III and MF by RP-HPLC and GC–MS. Treatment of CA complexes with FA, but not Aedes-AT, resulted in an increase in MF. Application of both Aedes-AT and FA to the CA complexes of 2-, 4- and 6-day-old females resulted in the same effects as FA alone. These data suggest that in sugar-fed females, FA and Aedes-AT exert different effects on the terminal steps in JH biosynthesis.

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“…At various times after experimental treatment, biosynthesis of C-16 JH by individual pairs of female corpora allata was determined using a radiochemical in vitro assay [7,8,35]. This assay used the incorporation of the methyl moiety of [methyl-14 C]methionine into C-16 JH by individual pair of corpora allata for 3 h at 28°C and reduced light in 199 culture medium plus Ficoll.…”

Section: Measurement Of Jh Biosynthesis By the Corpora Allatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of C-16 juvenile hormone biosynthesis in active corpora allata of female African locusts

Couillaud

Girardie

1985

International Journal of Invertebrate Reproduction and Developm

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303Corpora allata from 8-day-old fe\I}ale Locusta migratoria, during the phase of yolk deposition, exhibit high rates of C-16 juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis. The effect of different potential factors which may be involved in the regulation of corpora allata activity is reported. The biosynthetic activity of corpora allata was determined by radiochemical assay.In maturing females, no changes in corpora allata activity are detected during one daily cycle. Starvation reduces JH biosynthesis only 3 days after the beginning of the food deprivation. Suppression of the median neurosecretory material by electrocoagulation of the internal cardiaca tract (TCC-1) does not disturb JH biosynthesis whereas the transection of the allata I nerve fibres (NCA-I) or the electrocoagulation of the lateral neurosecretory pericarya results in a rapid decline of JH biosynthesis. These data indicate that the median and lateral allatotropins are different, and that only the lateral neurosecretory material exerts an allatostimulating action on corpora allata at the time of vitellogenesis. The corpora allata response to the median allatotropin changes during oocyte growth. C-16 JH andjor 20-hydroxyecdysone treatments in vitro (addition in the culture medium) and in vivo (injection in female) do not influence JH production in our experimental conditions.

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Spontaneous synthesis and release of C16 juvenile hormone by isolated corpora allata of female locust Schistocerca gregaria and female cockroach Periplaneta americana

Cited by 84 publications

References 10 publications

Juvenile hormone and methyl farnesoate production in cockroach embryos in relation to dorsal closure and the reproductive modes of different species of cockroaches

Juvenile hormone and methyl farnesoate production in cockroach embryos in relation to dorsal closure and the reproductive modes of different species of cockroaches

Stimulation of JH biosynthesis by the corpora allata of adult female Aedes aegypti in vitro: effect of farnesoic acid and Aedesallatotropin

Control of C-16 juvenile hormone biosynthesis in active corpora allata of female African locusts

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