Spontaneous Umbilical Cord Hematoma

Abstract

Spontaneous umbilical cord hematoma is a rare complication with a usually benign course but is potentially fatal without vigilant and timely medical intervention. We present the case of a 23-year-old primigravida mother who presented in labor. She was placed on continuous fetal heart rate monitoring, which showed two episodes of fetal heart rate tracing of the category II variety. The labor was induced with oxytocin, and the ammonitic membrane was incised artificially. The baby was male, term at 38 weeks, with an appropriate weight, length, and head circumference. There was no gross anomaly or dysmorphic features; the APGAR (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration) score of the baby was 9 and 9 at the first and fifth minutes, respectively. A 4.5 cm hematoma was discovered on the umbilical cord immediately following delivery. He was admitted to the regular nursery for routine newborn care and was discharged home in stable condition. Spontaneous umbilical cord hematoma is usually due to the rupture of the umbilical vein. Mostly, the umbilical cord hematoma occurs spontaneously and often follows a benign course, however, in some cases, the perinatal loss secondary to umbilical cord hematoma could very high, especially if associated with abnormal fetal heart rate tracing. Because of the potential for fatality inherent in this condition and to understand the clinical manifestations, risk factors, and eventual course of spontaneous cord hematoma, we present this case to help fellow pediatricians reduce morbidity and mortality associated with it.

Umbilical Cord Haematoma and Uterine Torsion: Rare Pregnancy Complications at Tu Du Hospital in Vietnam and a Review of Literature

“…In 2009, Towers et al 32 and Barbati et al 33 also reported similar cases, which were discovered spontaneously by a fetal heart monitor in the USA and Italy. Recently, Koukoura et al 12 and Khatiwada et al 15 also reported on two cases that were similar to this event, with the precious experience on continuous FHRm in surveillance of labour.…”

Umbilical Cord Hematoma and Uterine Torsion: Rare Pregnancy Complications at Tu Du Hospital and Review of Literature

“…In 2009, Tower CV et al and A. Barbati et al also report the similar case discovered spontaneously by fetal heart monitor in USA and in Italy ( 29 ), ( 30 ). Recently, Koukoura et al and Khatiwada P et al also reported 3 cases related to this event with the precious experience on continuous FHRm in surveillance of labor ( 11 ), ( 15 ).…”

Considering the Effects and Maternofoetal Implications of Vascular Disorders and the Umbilical Cord

“…Haematomas of the cord produced by the extravasation of blood from the umbilical vein to Wharton's jelly have also been described. Although they are infrequent, they can be spontaneous [39] and have a benign course. However, they are usually associated with invasive procedures, infections or morphological abnormalities [40].…”