Sporadic Gastric Hyperplastic Polyposis with Superimposed Multifocal Adenocarcinoma, an Extremely Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature

A Rare Cause of Gastric Wall Thickening

“…1,2 In addition to family history, the most prominent risk factor is Helicobacter pylori infection (the biopsies in our patient were positive for H pylori). 2 Malignant transformation to adenocarcinoma has been described, but is rare. 2 Gastric and colorectal hyperplastic polyps are histologically distinct, and there does not seem to be an association between gastric hyperplastic polyposis and the presence of colorectal hyperplastic polyps, although 1 case series suggested an association with colorectal adenocarcinoma.…”

“…Age at diagnosis ranges from 20 to 71 years and patients typically present with anemia with or without epigastric pain. 2 The syndrome can be inherited in an autosomal-dominant fashion; however, sporadic cases have also been reported. 1,2 In addition to family history, the most prominent risk factor is Helicobacter pylori infection (the biopsies in our patient were positive for H pylori).…”

“…2 The syndrome can be inherited in an autosomal-dominant fashion; however, sporadic cases have also been reported. 1,2 In addition to family history, the most prominent risk factor is Helicobacter pylori infection (the biopsies in our patient were positive for H pylori). 2 Malignant transformation to adenocarcinoma has been described, but is rare.…”

“…2 Malignant transformation to adenocarcinoma has been described, but is rare. 2 Gastric and colorectal hyperplastic polyps are histologically distinct, and there does not seem to be an association between gastric hyperplastic polyposis and the presence of colorectal hyperplastic polyps, although 1 case series suggested an association with colorectal adenocarcinoma. 1,3 The differential diagnosis includes Meniere's disease, malignancy, gastritidies, and other polyposis syndromes.…”

“…Most patients in the literature underwent surgical resection. 2 Given the lack of symptoms and absence of anemia, our patient underwent treatment for H pylori infection, and is scheduled to undergo a repeat upper endoscopy for surveillance of polyps. DNA analysis performed to assess for the presence of common oncogenes was negative.…”