Spore morphology of the representatives of the subfamily Ceratopteridoideae (J. Sm.) R.M. Tryon from the family Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. (Pteridophyta)

Abstract

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to perform a comparative study for four representatives of the subfamily Ceratopteridoideae (J. Sm.) R.M. Tryon from East Asia: Ceratopteris thalictroides Brongn., C. pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron., Acrostichum aureum Linn., and A. speciosum Willd. The analysis of the external morphology of the representatives of Ceratopteridoideae revealed a strong difference between Ceratopteris and Acrostichum. The external morphology of spores of Ceratopteris and Acrostichum exhibited the features characterizing the family Pteridaceae as a whole: tetrahedral spores with a three-ray laesure, from triangular-roundish to roundish, distinct exosporium with a pronounced surface ornamentation and absence of perisporium, the exosporium surface varying from smooth and rough to that covered with large tubercles and roller-like bulges.The external morphology of spores of Acrostichum is quite simple, although among other representatives of the family Pteridaceae, the spores of Ceratopteris have distinctive features: very large equatorial diameter (106-124 µm); spores are almost roundish; distinct cylindrical folds running parallel to the corners of the spore across its extensive distal surface.

Spore morphology of Taenitis, Syngramma, and Austrogramme species (Pteridoideae, Pteridaceae) from South-Eastern Asia and Oceania. II

“…Spore morphology of species of the large fern family Pteridaceae has been discussed in the numerous works (Hennipman, 1975;Tryon, Lugardon, 1991;Palacios-Rios et al, 2016;Chao, Huang, 2018;Irfan et al, 2021) including ours (Kuznetsov et al, 2014;Vaganov, 2016;Vaganov et al, 2017aVaganov et al, -d, 2018a. Most authors emphasize Spore morphology of Taenitis, Syngramma and Austrogramme the diagnostic value of spore ornamentation at the specific or section levels.…”

Phylogenetic comparative morphological analysis of fern spores in subfamily Pteridoideae (Pteridaceae, Pteridophyta)

“…In recent years, the complex works on large taxonomic groups of ferns represented interdisciplinary studies, where the consistency of spore morphology characters with the results of molecular phylogenetic studies was revealed (Chao & Huang, 2018; Chao, Rouhan, Amoroso, & Chiou, 2014; Moran, Hanks, Labiak, & Sundue, 2010; Patel, Fawcett, Sundue, & Budke, 2019; Vaganov, Metzgar, Sinitsyna, & Shmakov, 2020). The study of the spore morphology of Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link (Pteridaceae) (Vaganov, Gureyeva, Kuznetsov, et al, 2017; Vaganov, Gureyeva, Shmakov, et al, 2017) showed that spore sculpture is a conservative character, regardless of the continent and ecological growth conditions. Another study showed a strong correlation between spore characters and their genome size (Barrington, Patel, & Southgate, 2020).…”

The approach to the comparative morphological analysis of spores of the Pteridaceae E. D. M. Kirchn family representatives (Pteridophyta) based on phylogenetic relationship data

“…Sm.) R. M. Tryon семейства Pteridaceae E. D. M. Kirchn являются: споры тетраэдрической формы до трилетно-округлых, лучей лезуры три -прямые, экзоспорий четко выраженный без выростов (Ваганов и др., 2014;Vaganov, 2016;Vaganov et al, 2017).…”

“…Материалы и методы. Подробные описания морфологии спор, полученные в предыдущих работах по представителям семейства Pteridaceae методом СЭМ (Vaganov, 2016;Vaganov et al, 2017Vaganov et al, , 2018Vaganov et al, , 2020, позволили нам подготовить таблицу со стандартизованными признаками представителя трех подсемейств семейства Pteridaceae. В данном исследовании нами умышленно не используются мерные признаки спор (экваториальный диаметр, полярная ось, длина и ширина лезуры) ввиду фокуса исследования на качественных признаках представителей семейства.…”