Spore studies in the genus <i>Gymnocarpium</i>

Pryer, Kathleen M.; Britton, Donald M.

doi:10.1139/b83-045

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Because there is a direct correlation between spore size and sporophyte ploidy level in most ferns (Wagner 1974;Pryer and Britton 1983;Barrington et al 1986;Guo et al 2003;Grusz et al 2009;Beck et al 2010), it is possible to estimate the ploidy level of specimens that are not chromosome count vouchers by comparing their mean spore sizes to similar data derived from chromosome voucher specimens. To obtain the necessary data on spore size, the glycerol-mounted spores used to determine reproductive mode were examined at 400 x magnification on a Zeiss Axioplan 2 compound microscope or at 100 x on a Leica MZ 125 dissecting microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Relationships and Farina Evolution in the Cheilanthoid Fern Genus Argyrochosma (Pteridaceae)

Sigel¹,

Windham²,

Huiet³

et al. 2011

Systematic Botany

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Convergent evolution driven by adaptation to arid habitats has made It difficult to identify monophyletic taxa in the cheilanthoid ferns. Dependence on distinctive, but potentially bomoplastic characters, to define majcr clades has resulted in a taxonomic conundrum: all of the largest cheilanthoid genera have been shown to be polyphyletic. Here we reconstruct the first comprehensive phylogeny of the strictly New World cheilanthoid genus Argyrochosma. We use our reconstruction to examine the evolution of farina (powdery leaf deposits), which has played a prominent role in tbe circum.scription of cheilanthoid genera. Our data indicate that Argyrochosma comprises two major monophyletic groups: one exclusively non-farinose and the other primarily farinose. Within the latter gioup, there has been at least one evolutionary reversal (loss) of farina and the development of major chemical variants tbat characterize specific clades. Our phylogenetic hypothesis, in combination with spore data and chromosome counts, also provides a critical context for addressing the prevalence of polyploidy and apomixis within the genus. Evidence from these datasets provides testable hypotheses regarding reticulate tvolution and suggests the presence of several previously undetected taxa oí Argyrochosma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Relationships and Farina Evolution in the Cheilanthoid Fern Genus Argyrochosma (Pteridaceae)

Sigel¹,

Windham²,

Huiet³

et al. 2011

Systematic Botany

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“…The vast majority of homoploid hybrid ferns are assumed to be sterile, producing aborted or aberrant spores that often fail to germinate (Wagner & Chen, 1965;Wagner et al, 1986). In reality though, sterility in homoploid hybrids is "relative rather than absolute" (Benedict, 1945), and the production of viable spores can vary between crosses, individuals, and even sporangia on the same individual (Benedict, 1911;Manton, 1950;Wagner & Whitmire, 1957;Morzenti, 1962Morzenti, , 1967DeBenedictus, 1969;Whittier & Wagner, 1971;Hickok & Klekowski, 1973;Wagner, 1974;Pryer & Britton, 1983;Wagner et al, 1986;Rabe & Haufler, 1992).…”

Section: Homoploid Hybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and genomic aspects of hybridization in ferns

Sigel

2016

J of Sytematics Evolution

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The morphological and ecological intermediacy of hybrid taxa has long interested and challenged fern biologists, resulting in numerous systematic contributions focused on disentangling relationships within reticulate species complexes. From a genetic perspective, hybrid ferns are especially interesting because they represent the union of divergent parental genomes in unique evolutionary entities. This review summarizes advances in our knowledge of the genetic and genomic aspects of hybridization in ferns from the mid-20th century to the present. The different organismal products of hybridization, evolutionary aspects of additive and non-additive gene expression in allopolyploids, genetic and genomic mechanisms leading to gene silencing and loss, the roles of multiple origins and introgression for imparting genetic variation to hybrid fern taxa and their progenitors, and the utility of allopolyploid ferns to investigate mechanisms of genome evolution in the homosporous ferns are discussed. Comparisons are made to other plant lineages and important future research directions are highlighted, with the goal of stimulating additional research on hybrid ferns.

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“…Gymnocarpium dryopteris is a fertile allotetraploid species that arose following hybridization of G. appalachianum and G. disjunctum (Pryer and Huafler 1993). Its wide distribution across North America has allowed for secondary contact with both diploid parents, resulting in sterile triploid plants that produce 2 types of spores: 1) malformed spores incapable of germination, and 2) round, viable spores which germinate and plants can arise apogamously (Pryer and Britton 1983). Collection of spores from triploid populations requires careful discernment between non-viable and viable spores.…”

Section: Common Oak Fern (Gymnocarpium Dryopteris (L) Newman)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Native Fern Propagation in Glacier National Park's Native Plant Nursery

Luna¹

2000

Native Plants Journal

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Spore studies in the genus Gymnocarpium

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Species Relationships and Farina Evolution in the Cheilanthoid Fern Genus Argyrochosma (Pteridaceae)

Species Relationships and Farina Evolution in the Cheilanthoid Fern Genus Argyrochosma (Pteridaceae)

Genetic and genomic aspects of hybridization in ferns

Native Fern Propagation in Glacier National Park's Native Plant Nursery

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