Sporothrix schenckii and related species of Ceratocystis.

Travassos, Luiz R.; Lloyd, K O

doi:10.1128/mmbr.44.4.683-721.1980

Cited by 68 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…The present study found that RAPD patterns of isolates from different clinical forms of sporotrichosis formed distinct genotypes. Initial experiments in which 10 CFU were injected into hind footpads of mice failed to establish infection within 30 days, indicating, as reported previously [18,19], that most S. schenckii infections might be sub‐clinical. Subsequent footpad experiments with larger inocula demonstrated that all of the mice inoculated with isolates from DS died within 7–10 days, whereas none of the mice inoculated with isolates from FCS and LS established a systemic infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Relationships among genotypes, virulence and clinical forms of Sporothrix schenckii infection

Kong

Xiao

Lin

et al. 2006

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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This study explored the relationships among genotypes, virulence and clinical forms of Sporothrix schenckii. Genomic DNA from isolates of S. schenckii, collected from different clinical forms of sporotrichosis, was amplified by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Suspensions of different isolates of S. schenckii were inoculated into healthy BALB/c mice to compare their virulence, and the numbers and distribution of spores were determined by histological analysis. RAPD analysis indicated that the isolates from different clinical forms of sporotrichosis belonged to different genotypes. The mice inoculated with isolates from disseminated sporotrichosis showed an earlier onset of illness and more severe lesions than those inoculated with isolates from lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis, which, in turn, showed an earlier onset of illness and more severe lesions than those inoculated with isolates from fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis. Healthy BALB/c mice injected with isolates from disseminated sporotrichosis died within 10 days, whereas isolates from lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis and fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis failed to cause death. Histologically, mice inoculated with isolates from disseminated sporotrichosis had more spores than those inoculated with isolates from lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis and fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis. Thus, different genotypes may be associated closely with the virulence of different clinical forms of S. schenckii infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Relationships among genotypes, virulence and clinical forms of Sporothrix schenckii infection

Kong

Xiao

Lin

et al. 2006

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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“…Polysaccharides tested as inhibitors were used in the range of 5 to 20 mg/ml. They were extracted in hot dilute alkali and were either precipitable by Fehling solution or unprecipitable as described before (23). Fehling-precipitable fractions contain rhamnomannans, whereas the unprecipitable polysaccharide consists of galactomannan and some glucan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fehling-precipitable fractions contain rhamnomannans, whereas the unprecipitable polysaccharide consists of galactomannan and some glucan. Peptidopolysaccharides were isolated from the supernatants of S. schenckii cultures by ethanol precipitation, dialysis against distilled water of the aqueous solution of polymers, and precipitation of their borate complexes at pH 8.5 by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (Cetavlon) (23). Acidic molecules were neutralized with 10% (NH4)2CO3 and diluted in Hanks solution without glucose before being tested as inhibitors of phagocytosis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ingestion of yeast forms of Sporothrix schenckii by mouse peritoneal macrophages

Oda¹,

Kubelka²,

Alviano³

et al. 1983

Infect Immun

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The ingestion by thioglycolate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages of yeast forms of two strains of Sporothrix schenckii was studied. Yeast forms opsonized with concanavalin A (ConA) were extensively phagocytized, and the phagocytic indexes depended on the concentration of ConA and apparently on the number of lectin receptors at the yeast surface as well. Neuraminidase treatment of S. schenckii increased the ingestion of unopsonized yeasts 7.7-fold. The addition of monosaccharides and derivatives partially inhibited phagocytosis. Mannose, rhamnose, and galactose, which are major constituents of S. schenckii surface antigens, reduced the phagocytic indexes by 40 to 50%. Glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid were equally effective as inhibitors of phagocytosis. A mixture of five neutral sugars and glucosamine inhibited phagocytosis by 73%. The inhibitory effect of simple sugars could be amplified by using neuraminidase-treated yeast cells. Pentoses and glucose were inactive or slightly inhibitory. A purified rhamnomannan inhibited phagocytosis of the homologous strain, whereas partially purified peptidopolysaccharides were toxic to peritoneal macrophages. A partially purified galactomannan from S. schenckii was inhibitory (62% inhibition), and a peptidopolysaccharide fraction in which the O-linked carbohydrate chains had been removed neither was toxic to macrophages nor inhibited phagocytosis. Pretreatment of macrophages with simple sugars under conditions inhibiting ingestion or binding of S. schenckii did not affect phagocytosis of latex particles or sensitized sheep erythrocytes. The presence of receptors at the peritoneal macrophages which bind S. schenckii cell surface components is suggested.

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“…Most patients with cavitary pulmonary disease are best treated by preoperative preparation with amphotericin B followed by pulmonary resection and postoperative amphotericin B (infra vide). [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Lobectomies are usually done. In a few patients with limited pulmonary function, segmentectomy has been combined with perioperative amphotericin B without excessive risk of postoperative bronchopleural fistula and empyema.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%