Sporotrichosis in an HIV-Positive Man with Oral Lesions

Fontes, Patrícia Campos; Kitakawa, Dárcio; Carvalho, Yasmin Rodarte; Brandão, Adriana Aigotti Haberbeck; Cabral, Luiz Antônio Guimarães; Almeida, Janete Días

doi:10.1159/000325818

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Extracutaneous involvement is uncommon, occurs mainly in immunosuppressed individuals, and the most affected sites are the osteoarticular, pulmonary, central nervous system, and genitourinary systems 2,6 . Mucous membrane lesions are rare, but have been reported in the larynx, ocular conjunctiva, pharynx, nasal, and oral cavity 7 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although no specific treatment has been established to date, satisfactory responses have been achieved by administering potassium iodide, amphotericin B, itraconazole, and ketoconazole, and the prognosis is generally good. However, microbial resistance reports, as well as adverse effects associated to these drugs have been noted 7 . Therefore, alternative methods for treating this infection are required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracutaneous involvement is uncommon, affecting mostly the osteoarticular and pulmonary systems 2,6 . Mucous membrane lesions are rare but have been reported in the larynx, ocular conjunctiva, pharynx, nasal, and oral cavity 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,6 Mucous membrane lesions are rare but have been reported in the larynx, ocular conjunctiva, pharynx, nasal, and oral cavity. 7 Sporotrichosis treatments usually consists in potassium iodide, amphotericin B, itraconazole, and ketoconazole administrations. 7 Treatment failure 8 and adverse effects, such as hepatotoxicity, have, however, been associated with antifungal treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photodynamic therapy in the coadjuvant treatment of Sporothrix schenckii complex

Silva

Almeida

Gominho

et al. 2023

Special Care in Dentistry

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IntroductionSporotrichosis, a zoonosis caused by animal, mainly cat, scratches or bites, is caused by fungi belonging to the Sporothrix complex. Treatment usually consists in antifungal administration, although treatment failure and hepatotoxicity reports have been noted. Alternative sporotrichosis treatment methods, such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), may, therefore, be indicated.Case reportIn this context, this study followed a 56‐year‐old male renal transplanted patient displaying disseminated sporotrichosis, presenting erythematous skin lesions with ulcerated backgrounds and hardened consistency on the nose, oral and scalp. The lesions were present for about 2 months and the patient coexisted with cats. Intravenous amphotericin B administration was initiated, and immunosuppression was suspended. Seven aPDT sessions were also performed in 48 h intervals on the oral lesions, employing 0.01% methylene blue gel as the photosensitizing agent. After the 4th aPDT session, the patient was discharged, amphotericin B administration was suspended, and the treatment was continued with itraconazole, without immunosuppression. Red laser was applied to the oral lesions after the 7th aPDT session. Significant lesion improvement was observed after the final aPDT session and complete palate lesion repair was noted after two red laser sessions.ConclusionThese findings indicate that aPDT is a valuable strategy as an adjunct sporotrichosis treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Photodynamic therapy in the coadjuvant treatment of Sporothrix schenckii complex

Silva

Almeida

Gominho

et al. 2023

Special Care in Dentistry

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“…Clinical manifestations of cutaneous-disseminated sporotrichosis include ulcerated nodules and verrucous plaques ( Figure 1 ) [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]; there are cases of many inoculations, this may be related to cat scratches (most cases reported in Brazil) and may develop in immunocompetent patients [ 2 , 4 , 29 ]. Cutaneous-disseminated sporotrichosis can be found affecting any part of the body surface, and even mucous membranes (mouth, pharynx, penis glans) in one third of the patients, developing ulcerations and sinus plaques [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 61 ]. It may affect bones and joints, producing small granulomatous lesions or even extensive lytic lesions and osteomyelitis, associated with joint effusions, edema and severe pain; the most affected bones include tibia, carp and metacarpus, ulna, knee and ankle, in that order [ 4 , 41 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Disseminated and Extracutaneous Sporotrichosis: Current Status of a Complex Disease

Bonifáz

Tirado‐Sánchez

2017

JoF

103

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Sporotrichosis is an implantation or inoculation mycosis caused by species of Sporothrix schenckii complex; its main manifestations are limited to skin; however, cutaneous-disseminated, disseminated (visceral) and extracutaneous variants of sporotrichosis can be associated with immunosuppression, including HIV-AIDS, chronic alcoholism or more virulent strains. The most common extracutaneous form of sporotrichosis includes pulmonary, osteoarticular and meningeal. The laboratory diagnosis requires observing yeast forms and isolating the fungus; the two main causative agents are Sporothrix schenckii (ss) and Sporothrix brasiliensis. Antibody levels and species recognition by Polimerase Chain Reaction using biological samples or cultures are also useful. The treatment of choice for most cases is amphotericin B and subsequent itraconazole for maintenance therapy.

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