Sporotrichosis Successfully Treated with Terbinafine and Potassium Iodide: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Coşkun, Başak Kandi; Saral, Yunus; Akpolat, Nusret; Ataseven, Arzu; Çiçek, Demet

doi:10.1023/b:myco.0000038440.18814.a9

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The itraconazole, therefore, remains as the drug of choice for the treatment of sporotrichosis in felines, demonstrating satisfactory results against the cutaneous forms of mycosis, with a reduced treatment and collateral effects as compared with the SSKI (Noguchi et al., 1999; Mahajan et al., 2005). Recent studies have achieved rates of cure between 25% and 61.7% in felines with sporotrichosis; however, non‐adherence to treatment remains one of the main causes of therapeutic failure (Sharma et al, 2003; Coskun et al, 2004; Otsuka et al., 2004; Schubach et al., 2004a; Pereira, 2007). The therapeutic failures described for animals with sporotrichosis have determined that many of them were euthanized or died during the initial phase of the treatment (Larsson et al., 1989; Fleury et al., 2001; Nobre et al., 2001, 2002; Schubach et al., 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Sporotrichosis in the Southern Region of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil: Clinical, Zoonotic and Therapeutic Aspects

Madrid

Mattei

Martins

et al. 2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Clinical cases of feline sporotrichosis, originating in the Pelotas region and diagnosed at the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases (UFPel), were studied in the period from 2002 to 2006. The animals were evaluated according to the clinical forms of the mycosis, time of lesion appearance, severity of the clinical diagnosis and evolution of cutaneous lesions throughout the treatment period. Mycological analyses, carried out through direct examination, cultivation of tissue samples and exudates of feline lesions all confirmed the diagnosis of sporotrichosis in the 15 animals under study. The cutaneous dissemination form was observed in 10 animals, of which three showed prostration, anorexia and dehydration. The zoonosis occurred in 20% of case studies, and the pet owners and one attendant at a veterinary clinic were infected, developing the fixed and disseminated cutaneous forms. The treatment of mycosis was carried out with itraconazole, 10 mg kg(-1), once a day, on 12 animals. The cure of the clinical symptoms was observed on 50% of the felines. This study demonstrates a good clinical response of felines with sporotrichosis, when they were treated itraconazole and calls the attention for the incidence of human sporotrichosis on people related to the veterinary activity as well as for pet owners.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Sporotrichosis in the Southern Region of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil: Clinical, Zoonotic and Therapeutic Aspects

Madrid

Mattei

Martins

et al. 2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…The exact mechanism of its action against S. Schenckii remains poorly elucidated. Possibly, it inhibits granuloma formation through some immunologic and nonimmunologic mechanisms thereby exposing the fungus to the host defenses or other antifungal agents used concurrently [ 67 ]. However, it does not appear to increase monocyte or neutrophil killing of S. Schenckii .…”

Section: Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporotrichosis: An Overview and Therapeutic Options

Mahajan¹

2014

Dermatology Research and Practice

194

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Sporotrichosis is a chronic granulomatous mycotic infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii, a common saprophyte of soil, decaying wood, hay, and sphagnum moss, that is endemic in tropical/subtropical areas. The recent phylogenetic studies have delineated the geographic distribution of multiple distinct Sporothrix species causing sporotrichosis. It characteristically involves the skin and subcutaneous tissue following traumatic inoculation of the pathogen. After a variable incubation period, progressively enlarging papulo-nodule at the inoculation site develops that may ulcerate (fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis) or multiple nodules appear proximally along lymphatics (lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis). Osteoarticular sporotrichosis or primary pulmonary sporotrichosis are rare and occur from direct inoculation or inhalation of conidia, respectively. Disseminated cutaneous sporotrichosis or involvement of multiple visceral organs, particularly the central nervous system, occurs most commonly in persons with immunosuppression. Saturated solution of potassium iodide remains a first line treatment choice for uncomplicated cutaneous sporotrichosis in resource poor countries but itraconazole is currently used/recommended for the treatment of all forms of sporotrichosis. Terbinafine has been observed to be effective in the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis. Amphotericin B is used initially for the treatment of severe, systemic disease, during pregnancy and in immunosuppressed patients until recovery, then followed by itraconazole for the rest of the therapy.

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“…The antifungal activities of these compounds are based on the inhibition of fungal ergosterol biosynthesis at the point of squalene epoxidation, leading to the intracellular accumulation of squalene, which causes the rapid death of fungi. It has demonstrated activity against most superficial fungal infections, including onychomycosis and dermatomycosis, and systemic fungal infections, such as histoplasmosis, Pneumocystis carinii infection, and aspergillosis (3,4,9,17,18,19,20). In this study, our aim was to determine the in vivo efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole on a experimental model of systemic sporotrichosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole on a experimental model of systemic sporotrichosis

Meinerz

Xavier

Cleff

et al. 2008

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Itraconazole is currently considered the drug of choice to treat the diverse clinical presentation of sporotrichosis. On the other hand terbinafine by virtue of its excellent in vitro activity is under comparative evaluation for its therapeutic potential for a wide range of fungal infections. In this study, our aim was to determine the in vivo efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole on a experimental model of systemic sporotrichosis. 120 rats Wistar received an injection of 2x10 3 S. schenckii cells by via the lateral tail vein. After 3 days the animals were treated with terbinafine (250mg/kg) and itraconazole (100 mg/kg) and their respective diluents. In our model, terbinafine and itraconazole were effective in reducing the number of clinical lesions and positive organ cultures. There was statistical difference between the groups treated with the antifungals in relation to the control groups (p<0,05) concerning the clinical alterations, anatomic-pathological findings and in the positive organ cultures of the agent, being that the treated animals resulted in the absence and/or reduction of all the evaluated parameters. As for the treatments, terbinafine showed similar or higher activity that itraconazole in the evaluation of the testicle alteration (p=0,0004), as well as in the positive organ cultures of microorganism from the organ (p=0,0142). With these results it is possible to conclude that the antifungals studied are effective in the treatment of experimental systemic sporotrichosis.

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Sporotrichosis Successfully Treated with Terbinafine and Potassium Iodide: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Feline Sporotrichosis in the Southern Region of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil: Clinical, Zoonotic and Therapeutic Aspects

Feline Sporotrichosis in the Southern Region of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil: Clinical, Zoonotic and Therapeutic Aspects

Sporotrichosis: An Overview and Therapeutic Options

Efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole on a experimental model of systemic sporotrichosis

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