“…Participation in physical activity brings people together and provides personal identity, social identity, and a sense of group membership; it also facilitates communication between people and communities without race, gender, culture and age discrimination (Yıldıran & Yetim, 1996). Participation in physical activity has positive effects on self-respect (Chen et al, 2012;Joseph et al, 2014;Yiğitler, 2014), psychological well-being (Edwards, 2006;Garcia et al, 2012;Verner et al, 2017;Wiese et al, 2018), physical and mental health (Cho & Cho, 2011;Park et al, 2017;Ostovarfar et al, 2018;Way et al, 2018); however, the number of people who do not participate in physical activity is quite high worldwide (World Health Organization, 2004). For example, Bauman (2009) collected data from about 53 thousand people across 20 countries and reported that New Zealand, Czech Republic, the USA, Canada and Australia are the countries where participation in physical activity is most prevalent, while the levels of physical activity are remarkably quite low in the remaining countries.…”