Sports Participation and Juvenile Delinquency: A Meta-Analytic Review

Spruit, Anouk; Vugt, Eveline van; Put, Claudia E. van der; Stouwe, Trudy van der; Stams, Geert-Jan

doi:10.1007/s10964-015-0389-7

Cited by 74 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Systematic review studies have summarized evidence on participation in sports and selected health‐related behaviors, such as drug and alcohol use, juvenile delinquency, and psychological and social benefits . Few studies to date have, however, reported on various healthy and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among a large sample of adolescents in relation to OSP .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation in organized sports is associated with decreased likelihood of unhealthy lifestyle habits in adolescents

Torstveit

Johansen

Haugland

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Adolescence is a pivotal time for investing in both present and future health. Thus, it is important to identify arenas for promoting positive adolescent health behaviors and preventing negative ones. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between organized sports participation (OSP) and a broad range of lifestyle habits in Norwegian adolescents. A comprehensive survey was completed by 13 269 junior high and high school students in southern Norway. Multivariable binary logistic regression models, adjusted for gender, age, and parental education, were used to investigate the associations between OSP and adolescent substance use, dietary habits, physical activity level, passive vs active transportation, screen time, and sleep duration. Inverse associations were found between OSP and adolescent substance use (odds ratio 0.40 [95% confidence interval 0.30‐0.52] to 0.68 [0.61‐0.76]), irregular consumption of main meals (0.58 [0.53‐0.63] to 0.78 [0.70‐0.89]), high intake of unhealthy food and beverages (0.55 [0.47‐0.65] to 0.86 [0.75‐0.98]), low intake of healthy food items (0.57 [0.51‐0.63] to 0.77 [0.70‐0.84]), low physical activity level (0.15 [0.14‐0.17]), high screen‐based activity (0.61 [0.55‐0.67]), passive vs active transportation (summer; 0.79 [0.72‐0.86] and winter; 0.84 [0.77‐0.92]), and short sleep duration, during both weekdays (0.57 [0.52‐0.63]) and weekends (0.79 [0.69‐0.89]). In conclusion, adolescents participating in organized sports had decreased odds for engaging in several unhealthy lifestyle habits compared with non‐participants, indicating that organized sports may be a relevant setting for promoting healthy behaviors among adolescents. Future studies are, however, needed to confirm a possible causal relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation in organized sports is associated with decreased likelihood of unhealthy lifestyle habits in adolescents

Torstveit

Johansen

Haugland

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Part‐time employment can be a risk factor for joining gangs, and for an increase in alcohol and marijuana use in adolescents due to a connection with sensation‐seeking and impulsivity . A recent meta‐analysis also indicated that sports participation is not associated with juvenile delinquency . Another study observed a negative influence of social integration into a social environment favoring substance use: being integrated into networks is associated with higher likelihood of cigarette smoking among adolescents .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 A recent meta-analysis also indicated that sports participation is not associated with juvenile delinquency. 30 Another study observed a negative influence of social integration into a social environment favoring substance use: being integrated into networks is associated with higher likelihood of cigarette smoking among adolescents. 31 It is possible that when adolescents participate in highly structured activities that require a higher level of skill building, such as sports, music or art clubs, they are less likely to be associated with problem behavior than those who participate in low-structure activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From childhood adversity to problem behaviors: Role of psychological and structural social integration

Chao

Tsai

Liang

et al. 2017

Pediatrics International

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Background: Childhood adversity (CA) is associated with problem behaviors in adolescence, but the mediators, that is, those factors that help build resilience and prevent some children who experience CA from engaging in problem behaviors, await more exploration, including social integration. The aim of this study was to identify the association between CA and adolescent problem behaviors, and to further examine the mediating role of social integration distinctly as psychological and structural integration. Methods: Data used were from the Taiwan Education Panel Survey, a core panel of 4,261 students (age 13) surveyed in 2001 and followed for three more waves until age 18. For psychological integration, an average score was calculated to represent adolescents' feelings about their school. Structural integration was constructed using several items about adolescents' school and extracurricular activities. We used structural equation modeling with the diagonally weighted least squares method to examine the effect of CA on the primary outcome: adolescent problem behaviors via social integration. Results:The hypothesized structural equation model specifying the path from CA to adolescent problem behavior had good fit. Respondents with one CA were indirectly linked to problem behaviors via psychological but not structural integration (e.g. the level of participation in school and non-school activities). On mediation analysis, psychological integration significantly mediated the paths from one CA to all six problem behaviors (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:The presence of only one CA was indirectly associated with problem behavior via psychological integration; two or more CA were not associated with significant paths to problem behaviors. The contribution of social integration is crucial to an adolescent's development from CA to problem behaviors. To form supportive social relationships to achieve better health, we suggest that those adolescents who have been exposed to CA should be helped to join more teams and take part in more activities, thereby increasing their opportunities for social interaction, and improving their communication skills.

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“…The impact of youth sport has garnered significant interest across disciplines, with studies examining the potential health impacts of sport participation [ 20 , 21 ], academic impacts [ 22 , 23 ], social and psychological impacts on the youth [ 7 ], impacts on delinquency [ 10 ], and societal benefits [ 24 , 25 ]. Measuring youths’ experience in sport is essential to advance research across disciplines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring sport experiences in children and youth to better understand the impact of sport on health and positive youth development: designing a brief measure for population health surveys

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDespite the proliferation of studies examining youth sport participation, there are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the impact of youth sport participation on health and development. These gaps are not new, but have persisted due to limitations with how sport participation is measured. Much of the research to date has measured sport participation as binary (yes/no) or count measures. This has been especially true in survey-based research. Yet, at the same time, research has investigated youths’ experiences in sport such as the influence of coaches, teammates, and parents. The ability to measure these experiences is constrained by the need to use a number of measures along with gaps in the content covered in existing measures. We propose to develop and test the Sport Experiences Measure: Children and Youth (SEM:CY) as a population survey-based measure that captures the salient aspects of youths’ experience in sport.MethodsThe SEM:CY will be developed and tested across three phases. Phase I includes qualitative research with members of the sport community and engagement with an expert group to generate and obtain feedback on the initial item pool. In Phase II will recruit two consecutive samples of students from schools to complete the draft measure. Analysis will focus on assessing the items and factor structure of the measure. Factor structure will be assessed first with exploratory factor analysis and then confirmatory factor analysis. In phase III we will test the association between the SEM:CY with a measure of perceived competence, sport anxiety, and positive youth development to assess construct validity. We will also examine whether the structure of the measure varies by age or gender.DiscussionThe SEM:CY measure will provide a meaningful contribution to the measurement and understanding of youth sport participation. The SEM:CY can be used as a stand-alone measure to understand youth experiences in sport programs, or in combination with other health and development measures to better understand how youth sport can contribute to both positive and negative outcomes.

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Sports Participation and Juvenile Delinquency: A Meta-Analytic Review

Cited by 74 publications

References 97 publications

Participation in organized sports is associated with decreased likelihood of unhealthy lifestyle habits in adolescents

Participation in organized sports is associated with decreased likelihood of unhealthy lifestyle habits in adolescents

From childhood adversity to problem behaviors: Role of psychological and structural social integration

Measuring sport experiences in children and youth to better understand the impact of sport on health and positive youth development: designing a brief measure for population health surveys

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