Sports Preference and Digit Ratio (2d:4d) Among Female Students in Wrocław, Poland

Kociuba, Marek; Kozieł, Sławomir; Chakraborty, Raja; Ignasiak, Zofia

doi:10.1017/s0021932016000523

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Kociuba et al (2016) found that in female participants, the judo/boxing group had significantly lower digit ratio than the aerobics group. This suggests that voluntary choice of participation in a sport discipline by women could be linked to the organizational effect of intrauterine testosterone exposure during prenatal growth (Kociuba et al, 2016). …”

Section: Digit Ratio and Preference For High-risk Sportsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Why is digit ratio correlated to sports performance?

Kim¹,

Kim²

2016

J Exerc Rehabil

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Second to fourth digit ratio is the ratio of second to fourth digit length. It has been known that digit ratio is sexually dimorphic in humans, such that males tend to have lower digit ratio (longer fourth digits relative to second digits) than females. Digit ratio is thought to be a biomarker of the balance between fetal testosterone (FT) and fetal estrogen (FE) in a relatively narrow developmental window at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy. On the contrary, the relationships between digit ratio and levels of sex steroids in adults are not clear. Most correlational studies between digit ratio and adult sex steroids have revealed that this association is statistically not significant. However, for many years, a lot of researches showed negative relationships between digit ratio and sports performance such as rugby, surfing, rowing, sprinting, endurance, and hand grip strength. Here, we discuss possible mechanisms about the relationships between digit ratio and sports performance.

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Section: Digit Ratio and Preference For High-risk Sportsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Why is digit ratio correlated to sports performance?

Kim¹,

Kim²

2016

J Exerc Rehabil

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“…Association of higher 2D:4D with a dislike or aversion for higher risk was also found even within one sex, as both men and women with lower 2D:4D, compared to their same sex counterparts, chose relatively riskier options (Garbarino et al 2011). Voluntary participation in relatively high risk sports was also associated with lower 2D:4D in polish females independent of their physical ability (Kociuba et al 2017). Therefore the linkage of higher risk taking and lower risk aversion with lower level of PT could also be a plausible explanation for the association of low 2D:4D with the selection or choice of uniformed course in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…A lower 2D:4D among women was also associated with typically male dominated jobs in wide varieties of occupations (Manning et al 2010). Choice of participation in individual-, rather than in group sports among Polish men (Koziel et al 2016), and opting for a specific type of sport among Polish women, were associated with low 2D:4D (Kociuba et al 2017). Although it was argued that the decision to venture in a highly competitive environment was not significantly correlated with 2D:4D (Apicella et al 2011), there was strong evidence of a negative association of 2D:4D with self-reported competitiveness (Bönte et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A lower 2D:4D were frequently linked with higher sporting ability, physical fitness, and higher response to testosterone surge in challenged situation leading to increased muscular strength and endurance (Hönekopp andSchuster 2010, Manning et al 2014;Koziel et al 2017, Kociuba et al 2019. However, several studies also linked 2D:4D with many sexually dimorphic behavioural and personality traits such as assertiveness, confidence, risk-taking attitudes and life outcomes such as occupational choice (Manning et al 2010;Nye and Orel 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is digit ratio (2D:4D) associated with the choice for the uniformed versus a civil study course by the Polish youth?

Kociuba¹,

Chakraborty

Ignasiak

et al. 2019

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The 2nd to 4th digit ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic trait determined by the relative balance of prenatal testosterone (T) and oestrogen during the intrauterine development of foetus. Males on average have relatively lower 2D:4D than women in population. Lower 2D:4D is very often linked with greater physical ability, strength, superior sporting performance and many personality traits and behaviours which are seen more among the males. Recently, lower 2D:4D were associated with military and police services among the Polish women. The objectives of this study were to examine whether 2D:4D differed between the students of a study course for future military service and a civil study course and whether sex difference in this ratio is present in both these groups. The cross sectional study included 50 boys and 42 girls enrolled in the uniformed course and other 56 boys and 50 girls of a general course in an upper-secondary School. The lengths of the second (2D) and fourth fingers (4D) of each hand were measured to have the 2D:4D ratio. Height and weight were also recorded. Overall, as well as among the civil course students, males showed significantly lower mean 2D:4D compared to the females. But there was no significant sex difference in digit ratio among the uniformed course students. Besides, the females under uniformed course showed lower 2D:4D than the females in civil course, whereas, the male uniformed students had similar or almost same 2D:4D values with the male civil course students. Increased prenatal testosterone exposure might have a role in determining the choice towards a challenging future occupation and such effect is perhaps more pronounced in women than in males.

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“…The value of the quotient of finger lengths is determined at the end of the third month of embryonic development, mainly under the influence of prenatal testosterone (PT) and remains unchanged throughout all phases of human ontogenesis (Phelps 1952;Garn et al 1975;Manning et al 1998;Manning et al 2007). On average, in men, finger 4 is longer than the other, i.e., the 2 nd and 4 th fingers length quotient is lower compared to women whose second finger is longer and the quotient approaches 1.00 (Galis et al 2010;Manning et al 2010;Kociuba et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in relationship between body composition and digit length ratio (2D:4D) in students of military courses

Kociuba

Ignasiak

Sebastjan

et al. 2018

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It is believed that the second to fourth finger length ratio is an indirect indicator of fetal testosterone levels. It is pointed out that there is a relationship between the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio and the body structure in women and men. Studies on the relationship between body composition and 2D:4D finger length among military students have not been carried out so far. The work aims to determine the dependence of body composition and the quotient of the 2nd and 4th fingers length of military students. The research material has been gathered as a result of examinations of women and men studying military subjects. The study involved 55 women and 65 men. The tests included anthropometric measurements (body height, body weight, length of the second and the fourth fingers) and body composition measurements. As a result of the tests, no dimorphic differentiations in the digit length ratio (2D:4D) was indicated. The BMI, muscle mass, lean body mass and water in the body demonstrated higher values in men than in women. However, the fat content in men was low. It was found that the relationship exists between muscle mass, lean mass and total water content in the body and the 2D:4D finger length ratio in the left hand in women. A higher level of fetal testosterone, characterized by lower values of the 2nd to 4th finger length ratio, may be associated with a higher content of muscle mass, lean body mass and water in the body of adult women leading a similar lifestyle.

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Sports Preference and Digit Ratio (2d:4d) Among Female Students in Wrocław, Poland

Cited by 22 publications

References 57 publications

Why is digit ratio correlated to sports performance?

Why is digit ratio correlated to sports performance?

Is digit ratio (2D:4D) associated with the choice for the uniformed versus a civil study course by the Polish youth?

Sex differences in relationship between body composition and digit length ratio (2D:4D) in students of military courses

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