Sports-Related Concussion Occurrence at Various Time Points During High School Athletic Events: Part 2

Covassin, Tracey; Petit, Kyle M.; Savage, Jennifer L.; Bretzin, Abigail C.; Fox, Meghan E.; Walker, Lauren F.; Gould, Daniel

doi:10.1177/0363546518780225

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Data collection procedures are described in previous studies. 21,22 XHSAA concussion protocol requires school personnel to submit an online report for each SRC. In addition to SRCs, data recorders were also required to submit total student-athlete participation per sport, as well as demographic (i.e., sex, grade, level, sport) data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to Authorized Clearance From Sport-Related Concussion: The Influence of Health Care Provider and Medical Facility

Bretzin

Zynda

Wiebe

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Return-to-play following sport-related concussion(SRC) requires authorized clearance from a healthcare provider(HCP). Variability in HCPs and facilities where athletes seek care may influence return time. Objective: Determine the initial examiner, HCPs that authorize clearance, and medical facilities authorizing clearance among high school student-athletes following SRC, and compare authorized clearance time by HCPs and medical facilities. Design: Prospective Cohort Study. Setting: High school. Patients or Other Participants: Student-athletes(n=16,001) with SRC participating in STATE-XXX High School Athletic Association(XHSAA)-sponsored athletics. Main Outcome Measure(s): Frequencies of initial examiner and authorized clearance for each HCP(Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine(DO), Doctor of Medicine(MD), Nurse Practitioner(NP), Physician Assistant(PA)) and medical facility (Neurologist's Office, Team Physician, Primary Care Physician or Pediatrician's Office(PCP), Hospital, Urgent/Ready Care) for each SRC case. Kaplan–Meier curves and Peto tests evaluated differences in median time to authorized clearance between HCPs and facilities. Only cases with a follow-up authorized clearance date(80.3%, n=12,856) were included in authorized clearance and time to return analyses. Results: An athletic trainer was at least one of the initial examiners for 71.3%(n=11,404) of cases; 80.2%(n=12,990) had only one initial examiner. There was an association between initial examiner and medical facility providing clearance for athletic director(χ2=52.6, p≤.001, V=.06), athletic trainer(χ2=172.0, p≤.001, V=.12), coach(χ2=161.5, p≤.001, V=.11), DO(χ2=59.4, p≤.001, V= 07), and NP(χ2=10.0, p .03, V=.12). The majority(n=8,218, 63.9%) received clearance by an MD; 70.8%(n=9,099) were cleared at a PCP. Median time to authorized clearance varied by facility(Urgent/Ready Care: 7 days[4,11], Hospital: 9 days[6,14], PCP: 10 days[6,14], Team Physician: 12 days[8,16], Neurologist Office: 13 days[9,20]; p ≤ .001). Conclusions: Clearance was frequently provided by an MD and at a PCP. Median time to return to unrestricted participation following SRC varied by HCP and medical facility. Future research should elucidate why differences exist and determine why athletes seek care at different medical facilities.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to Authorized Clearance From Sport-Related Concussion: The Influence of Health Care Provider and Medical Facility

Bretzin

Zynda

Wiebe

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In both competition and practice, more concussions were generally reported in the latter segments of each event type, which concurs with previous research. [41][42][43] In sports in which contact occurs intentionally or unintentionally, athletes who are more fatigued may be less able to defend themselves and/or be less aware of oncoming collisions. Also, athletes on the opposing team who are fatigued may put other players at risk due to playing with less technical craft.…”

Section: Concussions In Latter Segments Of Competitions and Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion Incidence and Trends in 20 High School Sports

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Ongoing monitoring of concussion rates and distributions is important in assessing temporal patterns. Examinations of high school sport-related concussions need to be updated. This study describes the epidemiology of concussions in 20 high school sports during the 2013-2014 to 2017-2018 school years. METHODS:In this descriptive epidemiology study, a convenience sample of high school athletic trainers provided injury and athlete exposure (AE) data to the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study (High School Reporting Information Online). Concussion rates per 10 000 AEs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and distributions were calculated. Injury rate ratios and injury proportion ratios examined sex differences in sex-comparable sports (soccer, basketball, baseball and softball, cross country, track, and swimming). We also assessed temporal trends across the study period.RESULTS: Overall, 9542 concussions were reported for an overall rate of 4.17 per 10 000 AEs (95% CI: 4.09 to 4.26). Football had the highest concussion rate (10.40 per 10 000 AEs). Across the study period, football competition-related concussion rates increased (33.19 to 39.07 per 10 000 AEs); practice-related concussion rates decreased (5.47 to 4.44 per 10 000 AEs). In all sports, recurrent concussion rates decreased (0.47 to 0.28 per 10 000 AEs). Among sex-comparable sports, concussion rates were higher in girls than in boys (3.35 vs 1.51 per 10 000 AEs; injury rate ratio = 2.22; 95% CI: 2.07 to 2.39). Also, among sex-comparable sports, girls had larger proportions of concussions that were recurrent than boys did (9.3% vs 6.4%; injury proportion ratio = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.88).CONCLUSIONS: Rates of football practice-related concussions and recurrent concussions across all sports decreased. Changes in concussion rates may be associated with changes in concussion incidence, diagnosis, and management. Future research should continue to monitor trends and examine the effect of prevention strategies.WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Previous estimates of concussion incidence in high school sports are available but dated. Ongoing monitoring of injury incidence provides the opportunity for clinicians and researchers to understand how concussion rates and distributions may have changed over time.

show abstract

“…Further details on the MSHSAA Head Injury Reporting System can be found in previously published studies. 9,18 Operational Definitions…”

Section: Data Reporting and Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Sex With Adolescent Soccer Concussion Incidence and Characteristics

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Points Question Do sex-associated differences exist in sport-related concussion (SRC) risk, mechanism, management, and recovery in adolescent soccer? Findings In this cohort study of a high school injury surveillance project, the risk of documented SRC was 1.88 times higher among adolescent girls than adolescent boys. Whereas boys most often sustained SRC from player contact (48.4%), documented SRCs in girls were most often from equipment contact (eg, ball or goalpost [41.9%]), and boys had 1.54 greater odds of immediate removal from play and returned to play 2 days sooner than girls. Meaning These findings suggest that concussion risk and outcome differences in adolescent soccer athletes might require sex-specific approaches to participation and concussion management in sport.

show abstract

Sports-Related Concussion Occurrence at Various Time Points During High School Athletic Events: Part 2

Abstract: The current study suggests that medical attention is particularly important during the middle of all athletic events. Intervention measures to limit SRCs may be most beneficial during the middle of athletic events.

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Time to Authorized Clearance From Sport-Related Concussion: The Influence of Health Care Provider and Medical Facility

Time to Authorized Clearance From Sport-Related Concussion: The Influence of Health Care Provider and Medical Facility

Concussion Incidence and Trends in 20 High School Sports

Association of Sex With Adolescent Soccer Concussion Incidence and Characteristics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About