Spot 18F positron source electro-deposited on a graphite rod

Saito, Fuminori; Nagashima, Yasuyuki; Kurihara, Toshikazu; Fujiwara, I.; Iwata, Ren; Suzuki, N.; Itoh, Yoshiko; Gotō, Akira; Hyodo, Toshio

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(00)00256-4

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is convenient for smaller facilities because of the low threshold energy and large cross section which reduces the cost of the required accelerator. Other ion accelerator based sources have utilized 27 Si (Hirose et al, 1995), 18 F (Saito et al, 2000), 11 C (Stein et al, 1974) and 68 Ge/ 68 Ga (Maekawa et al, 2013).…”

Section: Ion Accelerator Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and trap-based techniques for science with positrons

Danielson¹,

Dubin²,

Greaves³

et al. 2015

Rev. Mod. Phys.

234

222

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In recent years, there has been a wealth of new science involving low-energy antimatter (i.e., positrons and antiprotons) at energies ranging from 10 2 to less than 10 −3 eV. Much of this progress has been driven by the development of new plasma-based techniques to accumulate, manipulate and deliver antiparticles for specific applications. This article focuses on the advances made in this area using positrons. However many of the resulting techniques are relevant to antiprotons as well. An overview is presented of relevant theory of single-component plasmas in electromagnetic traps. Methods are described to produce intense sources of positrons and to efficiently slow the typically energetic particles thus produced. Techniques are described to trap positrons efficiently and to cool and compress the resulting positron gases and plasmas. Finally, the procedures developed to deliver tailored pulses and beams (e.g., in intense, short bursts, or as quasi-monoenergetic continuous beams) for specific applications are reviewed. The status of development in specific application areas is also reviewed. One example is the formation of antihydrogen atoms for fundamental physics [e.g., tests of invariance under charge conjugation, parity inversion and time reversal (the CPT theorem), and studies of the interaction of gravity with antimatter]. Other applications discussed include atomic and materials physics studies and study of the electron-positron many-body system, including both classical electron-positron plasmas and the complementary quantum system in the form of Bose-condensed gases of positronium atoms. Areas of future promise are also discussed. The review concludes with a brief summary and a list of outstanding challenges.

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Section: Ion Accelerator Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and trap-based techniques for science with positrons

Danielson¹,

Dubin²,

Greaves³

et al. 2015

Rev. Mod. Phys.

234

222

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“…There is an ongoing effort to develop positron sources with larger fluxes. One approach is to use short-lived positron-emitting isotopes that can be produced by accelerators [168][169][170][171]. As an alternative, electron-positron pair-production sources create positrons by impinging fast electrons (e.g., from a linear electron accelerator (LINAC)) on high-Z targets (so called 'converters') [172].…”

Section: Positron Sources and Moderatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-energy positron interactions with atoms and molecules

Surko

Gribakin

Buckman

2005

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

275

242

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This paper is a review of low-energy positron interactions with atoms and molecules. Processes of interest include elastic scattering, electronic and vibrational excitation, ionization, positronium formation and annihilation. An overview is presented of the currently available theoretical and experimental techniques to study these phenomena, including the use of trap-based positron beam sources to study collision processes with improved energy resolution. State-resolved measurements of electronic and vibrational excitation cross sections and measurement of annihilation rates in atoms and molecules as a function of incident positron energy are discussed. Where data are available, comparisons are made with analogous electron scattering cross sections. Resonance phenomena, common in electron scattering, appear to be less common in positron scattering. Possible exceptions include the sharp onsets of positron-impact electronic and vibrational excitation of selected molecules. Recent energy-resolved studies of positron annihilation in hydrocarbons containing more than a few carbon atoms provide direct evidence that vibrational Feshbach resonances underpin the anomalously large annihilation rates observed for many polyatomic species. We discuss open questions regarding this process in larger molecules, as well as positron annihilation in smaller molecules where the theoretical picture is less clear.

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“…The accelerator method was discovered in 1934 when several groups demonstrated that by bombarding certain targets with MeV protons, deuterons, and alpha particles energetic positrons could be produced (Curie and Joliet 1934, Lauritsen et al 1934, Neddermeyer and Anderson 1934, Rupp 1934. Recent methods that have been proposed to produce positrons by high energy ion accelerators include using MeV protons to induce 11 B (p, n) 11 C reactions (Stein et al 1974), to produce the first excited state of the oxygen nucleus which decays via pair production (Guardala et al 2001) and Santos (Santos 2007), or to bombard a fluorine target to produce 18 F which decays via positron emission (Saito et al 2000, Santos 2007. Using 'normal' beam intensities, on the order of 10 7 fast positrons s −1 can be produced by these methods.…”

Section: Production Of Fast Positronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and progress in studying inelastic interactions between positrons and atoms

DuBois¹

2016

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Progress and methods used in positron based studies of inelastic atomic interactions are traced from the original discovery of the positron to the present. Following a historic overview and introduction, this review will show how new experimental techniques were critical in advancing experimental studies from total or integral cross section measurements to highly differential investigations that are now being performed. The primary emphasis is on ionization of atoms and simple molecules by low-energy (tens to hundreds of eV) positrons and in showing similarities and differences between positron, electron and proton impact data. Selected examples of Ps based studies are also included. Experimental techniques associated with the generation, moderation, and transport of low-energy positron beams plus an extensive reference list and tables summarizing existing experimental studies are provided. Comments with respect to future studies and directions, plus how they might be achieved, are presented.

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Spot 18F positron source electro-deposited on a graphite rod

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Plasma and trap-based techniques for science with positrons

Plasma and trap-based techniques for science with positrons

Low-energy positron interactions with atoms and molecules

Methods and progress in studying inelastic interactions between positrons and atoms

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