Spots on 1H‐Indazole Incorporation into Thiazole Moiety‐Hybrid Heterocycles, Strong Efficacy as Small Molecules with Antimicrobial, Antineoplastic Activity, and In‐Silico Studies

Abstract

Amidst the escalating cancer cases and the relentless spread of multidrug‐resistant microbes, the urgency for effective medication is undeniable. In this context, our lab's continuous efforts have led to a promising discovery. We have conducted an extensive study on a series of new heterocycles with an indazolylthiazole component, which holds great promise as antimicrobial and anticancer drugs. The bioactivity tests, conducted with meticulous methodology, have demonstrated that the synthesized compounds possess remarkable antibacterial activity against various pathogenic strains. In a controlled lab setting, we have observed that derivatives 9, 11, and 12a effectively induce apoptosis in HCT‐166 and Huh‐7 (liver carcinoma) cell lines. Among these, derivative 11 has shown the highest selectivity (SI=14.54±1.2 and 16.51±1.4) and the lowest IC50 value. These compounds also exhibit broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity. The anticancer activity of the synthesized compounds has been computationally confirmed through molecular modeling using MOE software and pharmacokinetic studies. Most of the tested compounds have shown significant cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines, with high safety against normal human cells, thereby paving the way for a hopeful and promising future of antimicrobial and anticancer drugs, with potential applications in [specific_application_1] and [specific_application_2].