Spray volume deposits and fungicide efficacy on soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi)

Prado, E. P.; Raetano, Carlos Gilberto; Pogetto, Mário H. F. do A. Dal; Christovam, Rafael de Souza; Lopes, Paulo Renato Matos; Tomaz, Rafael Simões; Filho, E. J. Ferreira; Zied, Diego Cunha; Guerreiro, Júlio César; Cerqueira, Denise Tourino Rezende de

doi:10.21475/ajcs.19.13.10.p1996

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…For both bee species, there was a tendency for greater contamination when they were on the upper parts of the plants, especially for cotton plants. This greater contamination of bees positioned on the top of the plants is due to more product hitting these leaves, as observed by Prado et al (2019), who found higher levels of deposition on the upper leaves of soybean plants (69%), followed by the middle (22%) and lower (9%) parts, in controlled spray assays. The spraying equipment they used was similar to what we used in our study.…”

Section: Beesmentioning

confidence: 56%

Contact exposure of honey bees and social stingless bees to fungicide sprayed on cotton and soybean in a controlled field simulation system

Freitas,

Kato,

Gomes

et al. 2024

J Applied Entomology

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Bees can be exposed to pesticides when visiting crops or plants in adjacent areas affected by spray drift. Among pesticide categories, fungicides tend to be considered relatively safe, though they also can negatively affect pollinators. Most evidence of damage by fungicides to bees comes from laboratory tests; there is little information concerning contamination levels in the field. We examined exposure of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and a common Brazilian native species of social stingless bees (Scaptotrigona postica Latreille; Hymenoptera: Apidae), which is about a third the size of a honey bee, to a commercial fungicide (Fox Xpro), with three active ingredients (trifloxystrobin, bixafen, and prothioconazole), applied to crops they often visit according to label directions. A spraying apparatus mounted on tracks in a laboratory spray room was used to simulate field conditions. Soybean and cotton plants grown in pots were transferred to the spray room when the plants were in flower. Anaesthetized bees were attached with insect pins at the top and middle of the plants, on leaves and flowers. The fungicide was applied using fine or coarse droplets. The amounts of the individual active ingredients absorbed by bees were then quantified. Concentrations of trifloxystrobin were highest in both honey bees and stingless bees, followed by bixafen, and then prothioconazole, which was detected in the bees at much lower levels. Overall, bees at the top of the plants and those sprayed with fine droplets absorbed more pesticide. As a function of body mass, the stingless bees were more heavily contaminated than the larger honey bees. Tests using spraying systems that simulate field conditions can better estimate the actual doses that contaminate bees to help determine the impact of fungicides and other pesticides applied to crops.

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Section: Beesmentioning

confidence: 56%