Spread and genotype of Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected alpine chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra)

Formenti, Nicoletta; Gaffuri, Alessandra; Trogu, Tiziana; Viganò, Roberto; Ferrari, Nicola; Lanfranchi, P.

doi:10.1007/s00436-016-4981-x

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The information reported by the MS in 2015 shows that Toxoplasma exposure occurs in most livestock species across the EU and supports the findings in recent publications on the high incidence of toxoplasmosis in sheep (Bacci et al., ), pigs (Djokic et al., ; Herrero et al., ; Wallander et al., ), goats (Deng et al., ), horses (Aroussi et al., ), small mammals including rodents (Machačová et al., ), pets (Cano‐Terriza et al., ) and wild animals (Formenti et al., ; Reiterova et al., ). However, the high incidence of Toxoplasma in sheep and goats, detected by serological methods, may be partly due to vaccination in these species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

2016

EFS2

258

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report of EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2015 in 32 European countries (28 Member States (MS) and four non-MS). Campylobacteriosis was the most commonly reported zoonosis and the increasing European Union (EU) trend for confirmed human cases since 2008 continued. In food, the occurrence of Campylobacter remained high in broiler meat. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed human salmonellosis cases since 2008 continued, but the proportion of human Salmonella Enteritidis cases increased. Most MS met their Salmonella reduction targets for poultry. More S. Enteritidis isolates were reported and S. Infantis was confirmed as the most frequent serovar isolated from domestic fowl. In foodstuffs, the EU level Salmonella non-compliance for minced meat and meat preparations from poultry was low. Despite the significant increasing trend since 2008, the number of human listeriosis cases stabilised in 2015. In ready-to-eat foods, Listeria monocytogenes seldom exceeded the EU food safety limit. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed yersiniosis cases since 2008 continued. Positive findings for Yersinia were mainly reported in pig meat and products thereof. The number of confirmed shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections in humans was similar to 2014. In food, STEC was most frequently reported in meat from ruminants. A total of 4,362 food-borne outbreaks, including waterborne outbreaks, were reported. Bacteria were the most commonly detected causative agents, followed by bacterial toxins, viruses, other causative agents and parasites. The causative agent remained unknown in 33.5% of all outbreaks. As in previous years, Salmonella in eggs continued to represent the highest risk agent/food combination. The report further summarises trends and sources for tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), West Nile virus and tularaemia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

2016

EFS2

258

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalence of T. gondii genotype II ranged in Europe from 50% in Spain (Calero-Bernal et al , 2015) to 100% in France (Richomme et al , 2009; Aubert et al , 2010). However, in some regions of Europe (i.e., Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Slovakia, and Portugal), the genetic variability can be higher than previously stated and type III, type I, and mixed or atypical strains of T. gondii may be more frequent (Fuentes et al , 2001; de Sousa et al , 2006; Berger-Schoch et al , 2011; Mancianti et al , 2013; Turčeková et al , 2013; Verin et al , 2013; Bacci et al , 2015; Formenti et al , 2016; Battisti et al , 2018). In Poland, the results of our own, previous research, where types III and I, as well as mixed or atypical were detected (i.e., in goat milk, ticks from vegetative stage, and wildlife), may confirm this statement (Sroka et al , 2016, 2017; Cisak et al , 2017; Zając et al , 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detection and Molecular Characteristics ofToxoplasma gondiiDNA in Retail Raw Meat Products in Poland

Sroka

Bilska–Zając

Wójcik-Fatla

et al. 2019

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Raw and undercooked meat are regarded as important sources of Toxoplasma gondii infection of people in Europe; however, data concerning this issue in Poland are still insufficient. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of T. gondii DNA isolated from raw meat products retailed in Poland. The molecular characteristics of detected DNA were also performed. Samples of cured bacon, raw or smoked sausages, ham, and minced meat were examined for the presence of T. gondii DNA. Samples were digested by pepsin solution, followed by the DNA isolation. Nested and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed based on the amplification of 35-fold-repetitive B1 fragment gene of T. gondii. For selected B1-positive samples, multiplex PCR was performed using SAG1, SAG2 (5′-SAG2 and 3′-SAG2), altSAG2, SAG3, GRA6, BTUB, C29-2, and L358 genetic markers. Amplicons were sequenced and analyzed with NCBI database. Among 3223 examined samples, 175 (5.4%) were PCR positive. The highest percentages of positive results were found for samples originating from south-east regions of Poland—Podkarpackie (17.9%), Małopolskie (12.6%), and Lubelskie (10.8%) (p < 0.001). The percentages of positive results for particular types of meat products—sausages, smoked meat products, ham, and minced meat—ranged from 4.5% to 5.8% and the differences between them were not significant (p > 0.05). Sequence analysis of selected B1-positive samples demonstrated mostly the alleles of clonal type III (49.0%), and less—type II (17.3%), and type I (10.2%) based on nine used genetic markers. The combinations of types I/II or II/III or I/III alleles at different loci were also found in 23.5% of cases. Detection of T. gondii DNA in raw meat products may indicate the potential health threat for consumers in Poland; however, for complete risk assessment of T. gondii infection, the additional studies, including detection of live parasite, are needed.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, as the tissue cysts are not uniformly distributed in the edible tissues, a negative result obtained by a direct detection method in a serologically positive animal, cannot exclude the presence of infectious cysts in other edible portions. Literature data show a high incidence of toxoplasmosis as parasite–animal contacts in sheep (Bacci et al., ), pigs (Djokic et al., ; Herrero et al., ; Wallander et al., ), goats (Deng et al., ), horses (Aroussi et al., ), small mammals including rodents (Machacova et al., ), pets (Cano‐Terriza et al., ) and wild animals (Formenti et al., ; Reiterova et al., ) suggesting that the control of this parasite is extremely difficult and can be reached only for livestock reared under strict housing conditions. A critical review of data on the prevalence of Toxoplasma in pigs shows a 90% decline in Toxoplasma prevalence in commercially marketed pigs over the last two decades (Dubey, ; Davies, ; Bayarri et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2016

2017

EFS2

440

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report of the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2016 in 37 European countries (28 Member States (MS) and nine non-MS). Campylobacteriosis was the most commonly reported zoonosis and the increasing European Union (EU) trend for confirmed human cases since 2008 stabilised during 2012-2016. In food, the occurrence of Campylobacter remained high in broiler meat. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed human salmonellosis cases since 2008 ended during 2012-2016, and the proportion of human Salmonella Enteritidis cases increased. Most MS met their Salmonella reduction targets for poultry, except five MS for laying hens. At primary production level, the EU-level flock prevalence of target Salmonella serovars in breeding hens, broilers, breeding and fattening turkeys decreased or stabilised compared with previous years but the EU prevalence of S. Enteritidis in laying hens significantly increased. In foodstuffs, the EU-level Salmonella non-compliance for minced meat and meat preparations from poultry was low. The number of human listeriosis confirmed cases further increased in 2016, despite the fact that Listeria seldom exceeds the EU food safety limit in ready-to-eat foods. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed yersiniosis cases since 2008 stabilised during 2012-2016, and also the number of confirmed Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections in humans was stable. In total, 4,786 food-borne outbreaks, including waterborne outbreaks, were reported. Salmonella was the most commonly detected causative agent -with one out of six outbreaks due to S. Enteritidis -followed by other bacteria, bacterial toxins and viruses. Salmonella in eggs continued to represent the highest risk agent/food combination. The report further summarises trends and sources for bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, trichinellosis, echinococcosis, toxoplasmosis, rabies, Q fever, West Nile fever and tularaemia.

show abstract

Spread and genotype of Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected alpine chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra)

Cited by 12 publications

References 62 publications

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

Detection and Molecular Characteristics ofToxoplasma gondiiDNA in Retail Raw Meat Products in Poland

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2016

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About