Spread of genetically similar noroviruses in Bangkok, Thailand, through symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals

Boonyos, Patcharaporn; Boonchan, Michittra; Phattanawiboon, Benjarat; Nonthabenjawan, Nutthawan; Tacharoenmuang, Ratana; Gunpapong, Ratigorn; Singchai, Phakapun; Upchai, Sompong; Rungnobhakhun, Pimpha; Mekmullica, Jutarat; Towayunanta, Worakarn; Chuntrakool, Kobkool; Ngaopravet, Karn; Ruchusatsawat, Kriangsak; Sangkitporn, Somchai; Uppapong, Ballang; Mekada, Eisuke; Matsuura, Yoshiharu; Tatsumi, Masashi; Mizushima, Hiroto

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08250

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Seroprevalence surveillance of nAbs to the GII.4 variants in young children generally supports these conclusions. Encompassing data on all infections (seropositivity), including the high percentage that are asymptomatic infections, 73 , 74 may provide more information about the breadth of GII.4 viruses to which these children were exposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent variant modeling of the serological repertoire to norovirus in young children

Lindesmith¹,

Brewer-Jensen²,

Conrad³

et al. 2023

Cell Reports Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent variant modeling of the serological repertoire to norovirus in young children

Lindesmith¹,

Brewer-Jensen²,

Conrad³

et al. 2023

Cell Reports Medicine

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“…However, fourteen genotypes were detected among 30 norovirus GII positive cases, including GII. Three other norovirus strains (GII.17[P17], GII.21[P21] and GII.3) co-circulating during the outbreak were commonly found in Thailand [9][10][11][12]. Interestingly, after the outbreak, the three positive viral diarrhea cases were infected with previous circulating norovirus strains; GII.3[P16] and GII.4 (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recombination of norovirus also appeared sporadically, with GII.3[P12] at 8.6% (17/198) and GII.2[P16-] at 40.4% (80/198) [10]. From 2017 to early 2019, GII.4 was the most frequently detected genotype (51.4%) in Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok [11]. Norovirus GII.3[P25] accounted for one-third of outbreak cases in Chanthaburi Province, Thailand, from December 2021 to January 2022 [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual diarrheal outbreak in the community in Eastern Thailand caused by Norovirus GII.3[P25]

Udompat,

Srimu,

Doung-Ngern

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Sentinel laboratory surveillance for diarrheal disease determined norovirus to be the most common cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis in people during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. An increase in patients presenting with diarrhea and vomiting in hospitals across Chanthaburi province between December 2021 and January 2022 led to the need for the identification of viral pathogens that may be responsible for the outbreak. Methods Feces samples (rectal swabs or stool) from 93 patients, of which 65 patients were collected during the December 2021 to January 2022 outbreak, were collected and screened for viral infection by real-time RT-PCR. Positive samples for norovirus GII were then genotyped by targeted amplification and sequencing of partial polymerase and capsid genes. Whole genome sequencing was performed from the predominant strain, GII.3[P25]. Results Norovirus was the most common virus detected in human fecal samples in this study. 39 of 65 outbreak samples (60%) and 3 of 28 (10%) non-outbreak samples were positive for norovirus genogroup II. One was positive for rotavirus, and one indicated co-infection with rotavirus and norovirus genogroups I and II. Nucleotide sequences of VP1 and RdRp gene were successfully obtained from 28 of 39 positive norovirus GII and used for dual-typing; 25/28 (89.3%) were GII.3, and 24/28 (85.7) were GII.P25, respectively. Norovirus GII.3[P25] was the predominant strain responsible for this outbreak. The whole genome sequence of norovirus GII.3[P25] from our study is the first reported in Thailand and has 98.62% and 98.57% similarity to norovirus found in China in 2021 and USA in 2022, respectively. We further demonstrate the presence of multiple co-circulating norovirus genotypes, including GII.21[P21], GII.17[P17], and unassignable RdRp in GII.3 and GII.4 in our study. Conclusions An unusual diarrhea outbreak was found in December 2021 in eastern Thailand. Norovirus strain GII.3[P25] was the cause of the outbreak and was first detected in Thailand. The positive rate during GII.3[P25] outbreak was six times higher than sporadic cases (GII.4), and, atypically, adults were the primary infected population rather than children.

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An unusual diarrheal outbreak in the community in Eastern Thailand caused by Norovirus GII.3[P25]

Udompat,

Srimuang,

Doungngern

et al. 2024

Virol J

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Background Sentinel laboratory surveillance for diarrheal disease determined norovirus to be the most common cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis in people during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. An increase in patients presenting with diarrhea and vomiting in hospitals across Chanthaburi province between December 2021 and January 2022 led to the need for the identification of viral pathogens that may be responsible for the outbreak. Methods Fecal samples (rectal swabs or stool) from 93 patients, of which 65 patients were collected during the December 2021 to January 2022 outbreak, were collected and screened for viral infection by real-time RT-PCR. Positive samples for norovirus GII were then genotyped by targeted amplification and sequencing of partial polymerase and capsid genes. Full genome sequencing was performed from the predominant strain, GII.3[P25]. Results Norovirus was the most common virus detected in human fecal samples in this study. 39 of 65 outbreak samples (60%) and 3 of 28 (10%) non-outbreak samples were positive for norovirus genogroup II. One was positive for rotavirus, and one indicated co-infection with rotavirus and norovirus genogroups I and II. Nucleotide sequences of VP1 and RdRp gene were successfully obtained from 28 of 39 positive norovirus GII and used for dual-typing; 25/28 (89.3%) were GII.3, and 24/28 (85.7) were GII.P25, respectively. Norovirus GII.3[P25] was the predominant strain responsible for this outbreak. The full genome sequence of norovirus GII.3[P25] from our study is the first reported in Thailand and has 98.62% and 98.57% similarity to norovirus found in China in 2021 and the USA in 2022, respectively. We further demonstrate the presence of multiple co-circulating norovirus genotypes, including GII.21[P21], GII.17[P17], GII.3[P12] and GII.4[P31] in our study. Conclusions An unusual diarrhea outbreak was found in December 2021 in eastern Thailand. Norovirus strain GII.3[P25] was the cause of the outbreak and was first detected in Thailand. The positive rate during GII.3[P25] outbreak was six times higher than sporadic cases (GII.4), and, atypically, adults were the primary infected population rather than children.

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Spread of genetically similar noroviruses in Bangkok, Thailand, through symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals

Abstract: GII.4 Sydney predominated in gastroenteritis patients of Bangkok during 2017-2019. Common norovirus genotypes spread in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Noroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals share genetical similarity.

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Emergent variant modeling of the serological repertoire to norovirus in young children

Emergent variant modeling of the serological repertoire to norovirus in young children

An unusual diarrheal outbreak in the community in Eastern Thailand caused by Norovirus GII.3[P25]

An unusual diarrheal outbreak in the community in Eastern Thailand caused by Norovirus GII.3[P25]

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