Spread Spectrum Sensing Techniques for Transformer Frequency Response Data

Abstract

With the advent of wireless communication, the problem of data security is of greatest interest. In this paper, spread spectrum techniques have been employed due to its advantages in providing data security. Further, the mechanical integrity of a transformer is investigated using an off-line diagnosis test called as Frequency Response Analysis (FRA). The FRA data of a transformer has been taken as the input signal which is being transmitted from the field where transformer is kept and received at the control room. Furthermore, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) are employed on FRA data and analyzed the signals by transmitting over Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh faded Channels.

Reducing Bit Error Rate in WiMAX using Spread Spectrum Techniques in Comparison with OFDM based Modulations

“…On both the sender and receiver sides of a communication system, a spreading generator is positioned to synchronize the modulated spectrum that is received, using the spreading technique. The Shannon capacity equation serves as the foundation for spread spectrum systems, which operate under extremely low signal-tonoise ratios (SNR) while utilizing a significantly wide bandwidth to achieve a satisfactory data rate per user [4].…”

“…This approach involves the modulation of a data transmission with a narrowband carrier signal that randomly changes frequencies in a predictable sequence at regular intervals. The frequency hopping is synchronized between both ends of the communication [4]. FHSS enhances privacy and an effective solution to prevent interference and multi-path fading (distortion).…”

“…The spread-spectrum signals include minimum noise to the narrowfrequency communications, and vice versa. As a result, bandwidth can be used more efficiently [4]. Transmission of the same data using a single carrier frequency requires a substantially smaller total bandwidth than frequency hopping.…”