Spreading disease with transport-related infection

Transmission dynamics of infectious diseases on transportation networks

“…The possibility that individuals may contract the disease while they travel was modeled by Cui, Liu, Takeuchi and Saito [10,29,42] using a system of ordinary differential equations based on the standard SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible) epidemic model. While these works were based on the consideration that travel times between the regions are negligible, Liu et al [28] incorporated the time needed to complete transportation into the model.…”

“…[16,49]). The studies [10,28,33,34,42] account for the fact that, since the progress of the above mentioned diseases is fast, the time needed for transportation between regions is not negligible. They consider the possibility of disease transmission during travel, although the standard SIS-type models used in these works might not be suitable for modeling influenza or SARS.…”

“…From (5.9) 1 we obtain the formulâ 10) then by substitutingV into (5.9) 2 it follows from straightforward computations that…”

“…The high connectedness of distant territories by air travel makes it possible for a disease to invade regions far away from the source faster than Cui et al [10] and Takeuchi et al [42] modeled the possibility that individuals may contract the disease while traveling by a system of ordinary differential equations based on the standard SIS epidemic model. They discovered that the disease can persist in regions connected by human transportation even if the infection died out in all regions in the absence of travel.…”

“…They discovered that the disease can persist in regions connected by human transportation even if the infection died out in all regions in the absence of travel. Liu et al [28] noted that the previously proposed models [10,29,42] implicitly used the assumption that the transportation between regions occurs instantaneously. For some diseases of major public health concern, such as SARS and influenza, the progress of the disease is so fast that even a short delay (a fraction of a day) can be significant.…”