1968
DOI: 10.1007/bf01556726
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Spreading of risk and stabilization of animal numbers

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Cited by 569 publications
(100 citation statements)
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“…The critical propagule size leading to establishment may be higher for species or populations with higher dispersal rates [15]. On the other hand, successful dispersal to unoccupied habitats may lead to the establishment of several small populations, spreading the risk of overall extinction [72]. In our experimental system, with clear evidence of negative density dependence, dispersal may often be beneficial, thus here we have evidence of a direct benefit of outbreeding and not only a negative effect of inbreeding.…”
Section: (C) Dispersalmentioning
confidence: 64%
“…The critical propagule size leading to establishment may be higher for species or populations with higher dispersal rates [15]. On the other hand, successful dispersal to unoccupied habitats may lead to the establishment of several small populations, spreading the risk of overall extinction [72]. In our experimental system, with clear evidence of negative density dependence, dispersal may often be beneficial, thus here we have evidence of a direct benefit of outbreeding and not only a negative effect of inbreeding.…”
Section: (C) Dispersalmentioning
confidence: 64%
“…At the extreme, variation leading to habitat extinctions can select for dispersal (Comins et al, 1980;Friedenberg, 2003 but see Gyllenberg, Parvinen & Dieckmann, 2002 ;Poethke, Hovestadt & Mitesser, 2003) and is proposed as the main selective advantage of dispersal for insect species living in ephemeral habitats (Roff, 1990 ;Denno et al, 1996). Dispersal in response to stochastic temporal variation in patch quality may be considered as a bet-hedging strategy, acting to reduce the variance in fitness (den Boer, 1968).…”
Section: Ultimate Causes Of Dispersalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It was this variability in natural systems that led Charles Elton (1930) to reject the concept of 'the balance of nature' and since then other workers have highlighted the significance of variability (Andrewartha & Birch 1954, den Boer 1968, Chesson 1978, Underwood 1981, May 1986.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Any event acting to remove a ramet and leave others intact would have to be extremely localized. But the spreading of risk need not be restricted to spatial scales, as nsks may also be spread through time (den Boer 1968). For example, differences in the rate of maturation or the timing of birth may alter the probabilty of survival in a heterogeneous, fluctuating environment.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%