Spring frosts in deciduous fruit trees — morphological damage and flower hardiness

Rodrigo, Javier

doi:10.1016/s0304-4238(99)00150-8

Cited by 242 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Once the minimum number of required chill units is achieved, appropriate temperatures are needed to raise the swelling and germination of buds (Melgarejo, 1996). Also, phenology is influenced by variables such as temperature (Weinberger, 1956;Browning & Miller, 1992;Rodrigo & Herrero, 2002), wind (Dennis, 1979), frost (Rodrigo, 2000), rain and relative humidity (Gradziel & Weinbaum, 1999). In addition to the genetic characteristics of different cultivars, there are other factors that affect the phenology of flowering such as the type of fertilization (Williams, 1965), the age of the trees or branches (Robbie & Atkison, 1994) and even the orientation of the branches (Robbie et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Arroyo

Jiménez-Bocanegra

García-Galavís

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The growth, phenology and fruit yield of 14 Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina Lindl) were studied in two newly established experimental orchards under organic and conventional management. The experiment was conducted during 2005-2011 in the province of Seville (SW Spain), an important region of Japanese plum culture. Trunk crosssection areas (TCSA), flowering, yield and tree defoliation before winter dormancy were analysed over several years. After one year, TCSA were larger in the organically managed orchard (OMO) for most of the cultivars, in the next two years they were equal, and from the fourth year, several cultivars showed significantly larger TCSA in the conventionally managed orchard (CMO). Flowering in the conventional orchard started from 2 to 6 days before and lasted for 3 to 5 days more than in the OMO. Several cultivars produced significantly more fruit in the CMO, being the average fruit yield in the organic orchard about 72% of the conventionally managed orchard. Autumn defoliation was significantly advanced in the organic orchard, especially in cultivars highly susceptible to rust (Tranzschelia pruni spinosae), a disease not adequately controlled in the organic orchard.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Arroyo

Jiménez-Bocanegra

García-Galavís

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Qu and Li (2006) also found that different pear varieties differed in their tolerance to cold stress. The differences in cold injury between cultivars and species of fruit trees have been frequently reported (Rodrigo, 2000). Calcium application could alleviate the cold damage, which could be due to the improved osmotic stress through the signal transduction process (Liu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Changes in Cell Ca2+ Distribution in Loquat Leaves and Its Effects on Cold Tolerance

Zheng¹,

Dong-ming²,

Niu³

et al. 2014

HST

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Calcium has been associated with improved cold tolerance in many crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in leaf cell Ca 2+ distribution and cell organelle ultrastructure of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) plants in response to cold stress at -3°C, using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two loquat accessions, Zaozhong 6 (a commercial cultivar) and oakleaf loquat (a wild relative) were used. Cold tolerance, as measured by leaf browning rate, was higher in oakleaf plants, and calcium treatment improved cold tolerance in both species. Cold stress first induced inward transport of Ca 2+ from the intracellular space. Then, the imported Ca 2+ was aggregated around the chloroplast membrane, finally entering the chloroplast. This pattern of Ca 2+ distribution in leaf cells occurred earlier in Zaozhong 6 than in the wild loquat. With increasing time of cold exposure, the chloroplast membranes of Zaozhong 6 leaves were damaged, blurred and even disappeared, while those of wild oakleaf loquat leaves maintained their structure longer. In Zaozhong 6, cold stress induced a clear cavity between poorly structured granal thylakoids and vesicles appearing inside the chloroplast, while in oakleaf leaves cold stress had little effect on the ultrastructure of chloroplasts (although chloroplast membranes looked blurred). Loquat leaves accumulated free calcium ions around chloroplasts in response to cold stress, with earlier calcium accumulation occurring in the cold-sensitive cultivar Zaozhong 6 than in wild oakleaf loquat. These results demonstrate that these two loquat species have differences in both cold tolerance and calcium accumulation dynamics.

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“…Bir yerden bir yere taşınabilen ve soğuğa dayanımı regüle edici madde grubundan olan şekerlerin soğuk iklimlere adapte olmuş bitkilerde bir çok fonksiyona sahip olabildiği, donma noktasını düşürdüğü ve hücre içi osmotik potansiyeli artırdığı vurgulanmaktadır. Böylece, hücre içinin donması sırasında dehidrasyon miktarını azaltarak, suyun yokluğunda bazı şekerlerin proteinlerin yapı ve fonksiyonlarını koruduğu ifade edilmektedir (Levit 1980, Yablonski ve Makrovich 1970, Burak 1989, Bolat 1993, Demirel ve Güleryüz 1999, Rodrigo 2000. Bitki dokularındaki toplam şeker miktarları ile ilgili benzer çalışmalar kayısılarda (Litvinova ve Palamarchuk 1974, Tamasy ve Zayan 1983, Muradoğlu 1998, Demirel ve Güleryüz 1999, şeftalilerde (Lasheen ve Chaplin 1971, Burak 1989, asmalarda (Hamman ve ark.…”

Section: Tomurcukların Biyokimyasal Bileşimleriunclassified

Erzincan Koşullarında Bazı Yerli ve Yabancı Kayısı Çeşitlerinin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanım Derecelerinin Belirlenmesi (2003-2004 Dönemi)

Yaşar;GÜLERYÜZ¹

2007

Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

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Öz: Bu çalışma, Erzincan koşullarında bazı yerli ve yabancı kayısı çeşitlerinin dona dayanım derecelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla; Royal, Perfection, Hungarian Best, Hasanbey, Karacabey, Rakowsky, Luizet, Silistre de Rona, Kishnewsky, Casna Drenova, Polonais, Proyma ve Paviot çeşitleri ile 2002-2004 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Kayısı çeşitlerinin düşük sıcaklıklara dayanıklılıklarını belirlemek amacıyla, her iki yılda da (2002-2003 ve 2003-2004) Determination of Cold Hardiness Degrees of Some Domestic and Foreign Apricot Cultivars in Erzincan Conditions (Period of 2003-2004)Abstract: This studuy was carried out to determine cold hardiness of some domestic and foreign cultivars such as Royal, Perfection, Hungarian Best, Hasanbey, Karacabey, Rakowsky, Luizet, Silistre de Rona, Kishnewsky, Casna Drenova, Polonais, Proyma and Paviot cultivars in Erzincan conditions between 2002 and 2004.The buds sampled in early dormancy (November), in middle dormancy (January) and the end of dormancy (March) for both two years were subjected to artifical freezing test (-20 o C) for different periods (0, 4, 8 and 16 hours) to determine cold hardiness of apricot cultivars. The most resistant cultivars at -20 o C were Paviot (7.69%) in the first period, Polonais (22.72%) in the second period, Royal (3.70%) in the third period for the first year whereas Hungarian Best (4.12 and 18.51%) in the first and second periods, and Luizet (2.77%) in third period. İnjurance rates of the buds subjected to freezing test showed positive correlation with electrolitic condictivity and conductivity rates whereas they demonsrated negative correlation with water content of the buds. Total sugar, starch, protein and lipid amounts of apricot culticvars increased from the beginning to the end of dormancy during freezing test periods. Viability of buds correlated significantley with total sugar (r=0.264** and r=0.416**), starch (r=-0.213*), proteins (r=0.215* and r=0.373**) and lipits (r=0.344**) contents.

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Spring frosts in deciduous fruit trees — morphological damage and flower hardiness

Cited by 242 publications

References 91 publications

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

Changes in Cell Ca2+ Distribution in Loquat Leaves and Its Effects on Cold Tolerance

Erzincan Koşullarında Bazı Yerli ve Yabancı Kayısı Çeşitlerinin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanım Derecelerinin Belirlenmesi (2003-2004 Dönemi)

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