Spring phenology of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in a submountain beech stand with different stocking in 1995-2004

Schieber, B.

doi:10.17221/4503-jfs

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The onset and course of spring phenological stages is dominantly determined by the winter termination character and by the onset of spring warming. The character of weather in the spring season can show variable nature when a warm period changes with a very cold period and late fl ushing occurs (DITTMAR, ELLING;2006). Autumnal phenological stages are cha ra cte rized by termination of the photosynthetic ac ti vi ty of a leaf area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The onset and duration of vegetative phenological stages in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under changing conditions of the environment

Bednářová¹,

Kučera²,

Merklová³

2014

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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BEDNÁŘOVÁ, E., KUČERA, J., MERKLOVÁ, L.: The onset and duration of vegetative phenological stages in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under changing conditions of the environment. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2010, LVIII, No. 4, pp. 23-30 A phenological study on the onset and duration of particular phenological stages of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was carried out using sample trees growing in a research area of the Faculty of Fores try and Wood Technology, MENDELU Brno for a period of 17 years (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007). The paper describes the onset and duration of particular phenological stages depending on eff ective temperatures. In spring phenological stages, the high dependence was proved on air temperatures. To evaluate temperature requirements of studied species the cumulative sum of temperatures which activated the beginning of a respective phenological stage was used. It is evident that the onset and the course of particular phenological stages were very variable being subject to the eff ect of temperature changes, particularly in the spring season. In recent years, the earlier onset is noted of spring phenological stages and the length of their duration shortens. Eff ects of temperature on the onset and duration of the stage of budbreak and the beginning of foliage became evident in European beech most marked ly. 2007 was a very extreme year from the aspect of the early onset of spring vegetative phenological stages. In that year, a marked shi was noted in the onset of particular staged as compared to previous years. To specify phenological observations, records of phenological data of a camera placed in the central part of a crown were used. Results obtained show that some spring phenological stages take only several hours, which corresponds with higher temperatures during spring months in last years. In the area described, higher temperatures were measured even in autumnal months as compared with a long-term average. Owing to high temperatures in the pre-dormancy period, the extension of a growing season occurs and thus also shortening the dormancy playing an irreplaceable role in forest trees. Shortening the dormancy can result in the disturbance of physiological processes and subsequently the decline of trees. phenological stages, climatic changes, weather, temperature sum, vegetative period, European beech, forest tree species A period of the onset and duration of phenological stages of forest trees is to a great extent de pen dent, except genetic factors, on outside conditions, particularly on meteorological factors. The beginning of fl ushing, leaf unfolding, bud developing and fl owering is usually possible when the air and soil temperature exceeds a certain critical point characteristic of every life stage of the plant cycle (LARCHER, 1995;BEDNÁŘOVÁ, KUČERA, 2002). "Temperature sum" is the accumulated temperature above a certain threshold value from a certain starting date calcul...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The onset and duration of vegetative phenological stages in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under changing conditions of the environment

Bednářová¹,

Kučera²,

Merklová³

2014

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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“…Phenology timing varies among tree species, which favours early-leafing species but can also expose them to late frosts (Lopez et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2018). Many studies report that leaf development starts earlier and leaf senescence occurs later in the understory compared to the overstorey (Gill et al, 1998;Seiwa, 1999a;Augspurger and Bartlett, 2003;Schieber, 2006;Vitasse, 2013;Gressler et al, 2015), which allows the understory trees to benefit from a longer growing period and consequently, to increase their productivity (Jolly et al, 2004). The presence of warmer temperatures in the understory is one of the hypotheses advanced to explain this difference in budburst between under-and overstorey (Augspurger and Bartlett, 2003;Schieber, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HETEROFOR 1.0: a spatially explicit model for exploring the response of structurally complex forests to uncertain future conditions – Part 2: Phenology and water cycle

Wergifosse

André²,

Beudez³

et al. 2020

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. Climate change affects forest growth in numerous and sometimes opposite ways, and the resulting trend is often difficult to predict for a given site. Integrating and structuring the knowledge gained from the monitoring and experimental studies into process-based models is an interesting approach to predict the response of forest ecosystems to climate change. While the first generation of models operates at stand level, one now needs spatially explicit individual-based approaches in order to account for individual variability, local environment modification and tree adaptive behaviour in mixed and uneven-aged forests that are supposed to be more resilient under stressful conditions. The local environment of a tree is strongly influenced by the neighbouring trees, which modify the resource level through positive and negative interactions with the target tree. Among other things, drought stress and vegetation period length vary with tree size and crown position within the canopy. In this paper, we describe the phenology and water balance modules integrated in the tree growth model HETEROFOR (HETEROgenous FORest) and evaluate them on six heterogeneous sessile oak and European beech stands with different levels of mixing and development stages and installed on various soil types. More precisely, we assess the ability of the model to reproduce key phenological processes (budburst, leaf development, yellowing and fall) as well as water fluxes. Two two-phase models differing regarding their response function to temperature during the chilling period (optimum and sigmoid functions) and a simplified one-phase model are used to predict budburst date. The two-phase model with the optimum function is the least biased (overestimation of 2.46 d), while the one-phase model best accounts for the interannual variability (Pearson's r=0.68). For the leaf development, yellowing and fall, predictions and observations are in accordance. Regarding the water balance module, the predicted throughfall is also in close agreement with the measurements (Pearson's r=0.856; bias =-1.3 %), and the soil water dynamics across the year are well reproduced for all the study sites (Pearson's r was between 0.893 and 0.950, and bias was between −1.81 and −9.33 %). The model also reproduced well the individual transpiration for sessile oak and European beech, with similar performances at the tree and stand scale (Pearson's r of 0.84–0.85 for sessile oak and 0.88–0.89 for European beech). The good results of the model assessment will allow us to use it reliably in projection studies to evaluate the impact of climate change on tree growth in structurally complex stands and test various management strategies to improve forest resilience.

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“…It is believed that the occurrence of early and late phenological forms whose growing seasons differ in their beginning and end dates is one of this species' defence strategies against the unfavourable impact of environmental conditions, especially spring and autumn frosts (Dolnicki and Kraj 2001;Kraj and Sztorc 2009). The timing of leaf senescence and the variability of this trait are manifested in populations with a frequency that depends on the interaction of genotypes and environmental conditions (Schieber 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll degradation and the activity of chlorophyllase and Mg-dechelatase during leaf senescence in Fagus sylvatica

Kraj¹

2015

Dendrobiology

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Abstract:The induction and course of autumn leaf senescence in early, intermediate and late phenological forms of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was studied by analysing the contents of chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll degradation products and the activities of chlorophyllase and Mg-dechelatase. Studies were conducted in two beech stands differing in the date of senescence onset. Leaf samples were collected from July to October in 2007 and 2009. The main trigger of leaf senescence in beech was a temperature drop occurring in parallel with the appropriate photoperiod. The early phenological form was the most sensitive to temperature. Chlorophyll degradation in senescing leaves of this form occurred in three stages, which strongly coincided with the dates of sudden temperature drops. These stages were less visible in the intermediate form, whereas chlorophyll degradation in the late form was the most stable and occurred in two stages. The fraction of chlorophyllides and phaeophytin in relation to chlorophylls in the early phenological form was significantly higher than that in the late form. Biochemical analyses indicate that pigment dephytylation associated with an increase in chlorophyllase activity is an early reaction of chlorophyll degradation, whereas the Mg-dechelating reaction was much less important. The correlation coefficients between the proportion of chlorophyllides and chlorophyll content for the early, intermediate and late phenological forms were -0.90, -0.87 and -0.72, respectively, providing evidence of chlorophyllase activity in vivo. The activity of chlorophyllase depended significantly on the phenological form. All chlorophyll degradation parameters were highly correlated with temperature changes during senescence. The early phenological form was characterised by the highest correlation coefficients.

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Spring phenology of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in a submountain beech stand with different stocking in 1995-2004

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

The onset and duration of vegetative phenological stages in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under changing conditions of the environment

The onset and duration of vegetative phenological stages in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under changing conditions of the environment

HETEROFOR 1.0: a spatially explicit model for exploring the response of structurally complex forests to uncertain future conditions – Part 2: Phenology and water cycle

Chlorophyll degradation and the activity of chlorophyllase and Mg-dechelatase during leaf senescence in Fagus sylvatica

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