Spring response to precipitation events using δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>2</sup>H in the Tanour catchment, NW Jordan

Hamdan, Ibraheem; Wiegand, Bettina; Toll, Mathias; Sauter, Martin

doi:10.1080/10256016.2016.1159205

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Such high values were reported earlier (Gat & Dansgaard, ; IAEA, ; Rindsberger, Magaritz, Carmi, & Gilad, ) and explained by moisture recycling over the Mediterranean Sea (Angert, Lee, & Yakir, ; Gat, ; Gat & Carmi, ; Gat et al, , ; Hamdan, Wiegand, Toll, & Sauter, ; Osati et al, ). High d excess values usually indicate evaporative enrichment especially during warmer periods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…to Jeita spring. Groundwater recharge on this plateau, where often more than 4 m of snow accumulates in winter (in winter 2011/2012 snow depth was partly more than 10 m) and which is highly karstified, is believed to reach around 81%, whereas recharge on the Jurassic aquifer is estimated at 58% Such high values were reported earlier (Gat & Dansgaard, 1972;IAEA, 1994;Rindsberger, Magaritz, Carmi, & Gilad, 1983) and explained by moisture recycling over the Mediterranean Sea (Angert, Lee, & Yakir, 2008;Gat, 1996;Gat & Carmi, 1987;Gat et al, 1996Gat et al, , 2003Hamdan, Wiegand, Toll, & Sauter, 2016;Osati et al, 2014). Estimation of mean catchment altitudes for Jeita spring derived from altitude effects in precipitation and snow early winter months in 2012.…”

Section: Local Meteoric Water Linesmentioning

confidence: 52%

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Stable isotope‐based mean catchment altitudes of springs in the Lebanon Mountains

Koeniger

Margane

Abi-Rizk

et al. 2017

Hydrological Processes

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Stable isotopes of water are known to provide information on mean altitudes of spring recharge areas, which is an important parameter for groundwater resources management especially in karstic environments. Very often, a lack of precipitation input data limits the possibility for an appropriate estimation of mean catchment altitudes. In the Jeita spring catchment, Lebanon, a characterization of precipitation input was possible with samples collected at six stations at varying altitudes (88 amount‐weighted monthly samples). A local meteoric water line for the Jeita spring catchment was characterized as δ2H = 6.04 * δ18O + 8.45 (R2 = .92) for a 2‐year observation period between October 2012 and September 2014. Integral samples from the snow layer were collected at 22 sites at altitudes ranging from 1,000 to 2,300 m above sea level at the end of February 2012 and February 2013, when snow height reached a maximum of more than 6 m at the highest peak in the catchment. Water samples were continuously collected from six springs (Jeita, Kashkoush, Labbane, Assal, Afqa, and Rouaiss). Jeita spring water samples were collected additionally in daily time steps during the snowmelt season in 2012. Mean isotope values of the sampled springs range from −6.8‰ to −8.2‰, and from −33‰ to −44‰, for δ18O and δ2H, respectively. The stable isotope data show that input variability (space and time, snow cover, and rainfall) has direct impacts on mean altitude estimates of spring catchments. A more profound interpretation of spring response to rainfall for six local springs in the Lebanon Mountains was possible in comparison to four earlier described springs collected in the Anti‐Lebanon Mountains in Syria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Local Meteoric Water Linesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Stable isotope‐based mean catchment altitudes of springs in the Lebanon Mountains

Koeniger

Margane

Abi-Rizk

et al. 2017

Hydrological Processes

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“…Transport times, i.e. residence times through the karst aquifer of the Tanour and Rasoun spring catchments, were determined previously by using the stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen (Hamdan et al 2016a). A comparison of the breakthrough signal obtained from the study of the stable isotopes and the transport time vulnerability assessment was made using probability density functions (PDFs).…”

Section: Classical Intrinsic Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment Methods Compared To the Transport Time Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study aims firstly at the development of a spatially distributed transport-timebased vulnerability mapping methodology for karst aquifers based on transport times from each individual location in the catchment through the epikarst towards surface-water streams as final recipients. Secondly, it targets the characterisation of average effective epikarst hydraulic properties using independent data; thirdly, a comparison of the predicted catchment integrated transport-time signal with measured catchment averaged transport times, based on the breakthrough of oxygen and hydrogen stable water isotopes at the Tanour spring after recharge events (Hamdan et al 2016a); and lastly, a comparison between the vulnerability maps based on two classical intrinsic vulnerability methods (COP (Vias et al 2002(Vias et al , 2003(Vias et al , 2006 and EPIK (Doerfliger et al 1999)) and the results of the transport-time-based method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a quantitative transport-time-based groundwater vulnerability model for non-point-source pollution in karst aquifers: a conceptual approach and example from the Tanour and Rasoun spring catchment, north-western Jordan

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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A quantitative transport-time-based vulnerability assessment approach for non-point-source pollution using a spatially distributed geographic information system (GIS)-generated topographic model was developed for the karst aquifer system feeding the Tanour and Rasoun springs in NW Jordan. The approach implies the assessment of the groundwater residence times in different compartments of the karst system, i.e. the epikarst, the vadose zone and the phreatic system. Groundwater transport times within the epikarst zone were determined by employing two main variables: (1) the length of the flow path, and (2) the transport velocity between the assumed point of subsurface infiltration into the soil and the location for the actual groundwater recharge at the ephemeral streams. Sub-horizontal lateral flow is assumed for the epikarst. The base-flow recession curve method was employed to estimate the effective, average and catchment-wide transmissivity of the epikarst. Based on the calculated transmissivity, three different hydraulic conductivity values were assumed to assess the effect of the unknown average saturated thickness of the epikarst. The developed method was validated by independent measurements of the transport-time-based on the δ 18 O breakthrough signal in the spring catchment discharge, following a recharge event. The transport-time distribution map, calculated based on flow-path length towards the streams and average solute transport velocity, shows high correlation with the catchmentaveraged stable isotopes' breakthrough curves. Because of the intensive karstification below the stream bed, residence times in the vadose and the phreatic zones can be assumed to be negligible compared to the transport times in the epikarst.

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“…Due to the uneven development of karst as well as the complex and variable movement of groundwater flow, people try to study the migration of pollutants in karst water from different scales using different methods, such as isotopes [5], tracer test [6], pumping test [7], numerical simulation [8][9][10], indoor experiment [11], and so on. For example, Hamdan et al [12] revealed the characteristics of groundwater vulnerability to pollution with the method of combining the stable isotopic (oxygen and hydrogen) and data of water temperature, spring discharge, and turbidity. Morales et al [13] depicted the transport characteristics along preferential flow paths in karst aquifers by analyzing data obtained in 26 tracer tests in Basque.Maloszewski et al [14] combined the application of lumped-parameter models to establish a measurement model for 18 O and tritium in precipitation and springs, and obtained mean values of hydraulic parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection of the Liuzheng Water Source: A Karst Water System in Dawu, Zibo, China

Zhu¹,

Dong²,

Xing³

et al. 2019

Water

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The Dawu water source is a rare, large-scale groundwater source located in northern China. The water supply function from this water source has, however, been lost due to anthropogenic pollution. In order to fully utilize valuable groundwater resources, a new water source of urban domestic water in Liu Zheng is planned. In this study, a tracer test and a numerical simulation method are used to examine the hydraulic connection between the Liuzheng water source and the Wangzhai industrial park; to optimize the exploitation layout of the Liuzheng water source and Dawu water source; and to propose the extent of the Liuzheng water source protection area. Results indicate that: (1) Karst development in the study area is uneven, and the Wangzhai area is a recharge area of the Liuzheng water source; (2) it is predicted that the groundwater flow field will not be significantly changed when a groundwater volume of 150,000 m3/day is exploited from the Liuzheng water source; (3) it is predicted that the proposed chemical park in Wangzhai will gradually pollute to the groundwater in the northern area of Liuzheng; and (4) results using the empirical formula method and the numerical simulation method indicate that the area of the primary protection area of the Liuzheng water source is about 0.59 km2, and the area of the secondary protection area is about 14.98 km2. Results from this study provide a certain technical basis for the exploitation and protection of groundwater in the Liuzheng water source.

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Spring response to precipitation events using δ¹⁸O and δ²H in the Tanour catchment, NW Jordan

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Stable isotope‐based mean catchment altitudes of springs in the Lebanon Mountains

Stable isotope‐based mean catchment altitudes of springs in the Lebanon Mountains

Development of a quantitative transport-time-based groundwater vulnerability model for non-point-source pollution in karst aquifers: a conceptual approach and example from the Tanour and Rasoun spring catchment, north-western Jordan

Protection of the Liuzheng Water Source: A Karst Water System in Dawu, Zibo, China

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Spring response to precipitation events using δ18O and δ2H in the Tanour catchment, NW Jordan

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Stable isotope‐based mean catchment altitudes of springs in the Lebanon Mountains

Stable isotope‐based mean catchment altitudes of springs in the Lebanon Mountains

Development of a quantitative transport-time-based groundwater vulnerability model for non-point-source pollution in karst aquifers: a conceptual approach and example from the Tanour and Rasoun spring catchment, north-western Jordan

Protection of the Liuzheng Water Source: A Karst Water System in Dawu, Zibo, China

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Spring response to precipitation events using δ¹⁸O and δ²H in the Tanour catchment, NW Jordan