Spruce sugars and poultry hydrolysate as growth medium in repeated fed-batch fermentation processes for production of yeast biomass

Abstract

The production of microbial protein in the form of yeast grown on lignocellulosic sugars and nitrogen-rich industrial residues is an attractive approach for reducing dependency on animal and plant protein. Growth media composed of enzymatically saccharified sulfite-pulped spruce wood, enzymatic hydrolysates of poultry by-products and urea were used for the production of single-cell protein. Strains of three different yeast species, Cyberlindnera jadinii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Blastobotrys adeninivorans, were cultivated aerobically using repeated fed-batch fermentation up to 25 L scale. Wickerhamomyces anomalus was the most efficient yeast with yields of 0.6 g of cell dry weight and 0.3 g of protein per gram of glucose, with cell and protein productivities of 3.92 g/L/h and 1.87 g/L/h, respectively. Using the conditions developed here for producing W. anomalus, it would take 25 industrial (200 m 3 ) continuously operated fermenters to replace 10% of the fish feed protein used in Norway.

Impact of down-stream processing on functional properties of yeasts and the implications on gut health of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

“…S1 ). W. anomalus yeast was cultivated in 20 L scale according to the protocols described in Lapeña, et al 33 For washing, the yeasts were separated by centrifugation and re-suspended in the same volume of 7 °C deionized water in a 30 L EINAR bioreactor system (Belach Bioteknik, Sweden), equipped with a helical impeller. The washed yeasts were then again centrifuged to obtain yeast creams with 12.5%, 5.5% and 15% dry matter contents for C. jadinii (CJ) , B. adeninivorans (BA) and W. anomalus (WA), respectively.…”

“…To address this question, we used three different non- Saccharomyces yeasts, namely Cyberlindnera jadinii (anamorph name Candida utilis ) , Blastobotrys adeninivorans (synonym Arxula adeninivorans ) and Wickerhamomyces anomalus produced at laboratory scale. The yeasts were selected based on their ability to utilize hydrolyzates of wood and meat co-products, their high growth rate and high protein content as well as their low production of side products such as alcohol 22 , 33 . Yeasts were subjected to direct inactivation or autolysis and their functionality as feed ingredient was tested using 5% inclusion levels in diets for Atlantic salmon fry.…”

Enzymatic processing of lignocellulosic biomass: principles, recent advances and perspectives

“…In addition to lignin valorization, there is a concerted ongoing research effort aimed at developing a widened portfolio of biomass-derived products, including cellulose-, hemicellulose-, and lignin-based polymers, oligomers and monomers, as well as products resulting from fermentation of lignocellulosic sugars, i.e., production of ethanol. Alternative fermentation products include microbial biomass for food and feed [29,207,336], alternative biofuels such as butanol [237] and commodity as well as high-value chemicals [317,384]. In an environmentally and economically successful biorefinery, these products will co-exist as part of a flexible product portfolio that is continuously adjusted to feedstock availability, technological developments and market needs.…”

Impact of Down-Stream Processing on Functional Properties of Yeasts in Diets of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar): Implications for Gut Health

“…anomalus yeast was cultivated in 20 L scale according to the protocols described in Lapeña, et al 33 For washing, the yeasts were separated by centrifugation and re-suspended in the same volume of 7 o C deionized water in a 30 L EINAR bioreactor system (Belach Bioteknik, Sweden), equipped with a helical impeller. The washed yeasts were then again centrifuged to obtain yeast creams with 12.5%, 5.5% and 15% dry matter contents for C. jadinii (CJ), B. adeninivorans (BA) and W. anomalus (WA), respectively.…”