Sputtered and heated high-voltage hollow-cathode zinc lasers

molecular ions in helium glow discharges: the effect of bulk electron temperature

“…In some previous investigations on lowpressure negative glow discharges, cold electron temperatures significantly lower than 1 eV have been found. These studies include the laser based diagnostics of Den Hartog et al [17], theoretical calculations of Arslanbekov and Kudryavtsev [18], Langmuir probe measurement of Bogaerts et al [19], Angstadt et al [20] and Ohsawa et al [21], Thomson scattering measurements of Gamez et al [22] and experimental investigations of hollow cathode discharges by Warner [23], Leigh [24] and Bánó et al [25]. In all these works cold electron temperatures ranging between 0.08 and 0.5 eV have been found.…”

Glow discharge excitation and matrix effects in the Zn–Al–Cu system in argon and neon

“…Another source of information is literature about zinc ion lasers, e.g. [24,39,40] and the references therein. Enhancement factors for emission yields of a number of Zn I lines between the neon -and argon discharges are listed in Table 2.…”

On the reliability of low-pressure dc glow discharge modelling

“…Using these techniques, previous experimental investigations on low pressure negative glow discharges usually resulted in cold electron temperatures significantly lower than 1 eV. These studies include laser based plasma diagnostics [54], Langmuir probe measurement [55][56][57], Thomson scattering measurements [58] as well as spectroscopic investigations of hollow cathode discharges [59]. In all these works cold electron temperatures ranging between 0.08 and 0.4 eV have been found.…”