Squamates (Snakes and Lizards)

Assessments of thermal antinociceptive effects of butorphanol and human observer effect on quantitative evaluation of analgesia in green iguanas (Iguana iguana)

“…A lthough analgesics or antinociceptive agents are now widely used in domestic animals, their usage has been very limited in reptiles, such as green iguanas (Iguana iguana). [1][2][3] The number of reports 4 of the use of analgesic agents in reptiles is increasing, but most have been based on anecdotal experiences, with dosages often extrapolated from other species, such as birds. Butorphanol, a κ-opioid receptor a agonist and a µ-opioid receptor a antagonist, has historically been used to pro-Assessments of thermal antinociceptive effects of butorphanol and human observer effect on quantitative evaluation of analgesia in green iguanas (Iguana iguana)…”