Squamous cell carcinoma

Hawrot, Aimee; Alam, Murad; Ratner, Désirée

doi:10.1016/s1040-0486(03)00005-x

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 387 publications

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“…Organ transplant patients have a higher incidence of skin cancer and tend to have more aggressive individual lesions, larger numbers of tumors per patient, onset at younger ages, and increased rates of metastasis (22), supporting the idea that the ability of skin tumors to evade immune surveillance represents a central event in tumor progression. Here we report the progressive loss of the homeostatic and skin-associated chemokine CCL27 during malignant transformation of keratinocytes, representing a mechanism of tumor cells to evade from the immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Tumor immune escape by the loss of homeostatic chemokine expression

Pivarcsi

Müller

Hippe

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

101

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The novel keratinocyte-specific chemokine CCL27 plays a critical role in the organization of skin-associated immune responses by regulating T cell homing under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Here we demonstrate that human keratinocyte-derived skin tumors may evade T cell-mediated antitumor immune responses by down-regulating the expression of CCL27 through the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-Ras-MAPKsignaling pathways. Compared with healthy skin, CCL27 mRNA and protein expression was progressively lost in transformed keratinocytes of actinic keratoses and basal and squamous cell carcinomas. In vivo, precancerous skin lesions as well as cutaneous carcinomas showed significantly elevated levels of phosphorylated ERK compared with normal skin, suggesting the activation of EGFR-Ras signaling pathways in keratinocyte-derived malignancies. In vitro, exogenous stimulation of the EGFR-Ras signaling pathway through EGF or transfection of the dominant-active form of the Ras oncogene (H-RasV12) suppressed whereas an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor increased CCL27 mRNA and protein production in keratinocytes. In mice, neutralization of CCL27 led to decreased leukocyte recruitment to cutaneous tumor sites and significantly enhanced primary tumor growth. Collectively, our data identify a mechanism of skin tumors to evade host antitumor immune responses.cancer ͉ CCL27/CTACK ͉ skin ͉ immune surveillance ͉ EGDR/R pathway

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Tumor immune escape by the loss of homeostatic chemokine expression

Pivarcsi

Müller

Hippe

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although metastasis from basal cell carcinoma is rare, with an incidence of 0.0028%, basal cell carcinomas can demonstrate both regional and distant metastasis, spreading most frequently to regional lymph node basins, the lungs, and bone 8,9 . Metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma is not nearly as rare, with an overall incidence estimated at 2%–6% 10 . It is therefore in the patient's best interest to consider Mohs surgery as a first‐line option for the treatment of tumors exhibiting one or more high‐risk features because these tumors require precise, effective margin control to minimize the chance of local recurrence, as well as of regional or distant spread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 Metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma is not nearly as rare, with an overall incidence estimated at 2%-6%. 10 It is therefore in the patient's best interest to consider Mohs surgery as a first-line option for the treatment of tumors exhibiting one or more high-risk features because these tumors require precise, effective margin control to minimize the chance of local recurrence, as well as of regional or distant spread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on Mohs Micrographic Surgery

Ratner

2004

Skinmed

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“…1,2 Approximately 1 in 10 people in the United States today will develop SCC. From 1994 to 2006, the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancers has increased by 300%, with an estimated 2 million people developing clinical disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other risk factors include immunosuppression, ionizing radiation, chemical agents, use of BRAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib or dabrafenib, and chronically inflamed or injured skin. 1,4,5 Sun avoidance and screening of high-risk individuals are fundamental in the prevention of cutaneous SCC. 2 The use of systemic retinoids in high-risk individuals has also been shown to prevent premalignant cells from advancing to malignant tissue.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%