Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Ovary: A Case Report

Abstract

Germ cell tumors represent 20-25% of ovarian tumors, and 95% of them are benign. The most frequent type is the mature benign teratoma (dermoid cysts). The proportion of cases in which malignancy occurs is 0.17-2%. Seventy-five percent to 90% of malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma originating from a mature cystic teratoma that was diagnosed after intraoperative pathology study in a 64-year-old woman who consulted for an adnexal tumor causing abdominal pain. Laparoscopic surgery was scheduled, describing an enlarged right ovary (13 cm) which was included in the ipsilateral broad ligament and adhered to the posterior aspect of the uterus in its distal third as well as the rectum. It was converted to laparotomy and we performed a hysterectomy + double anexectomy + omentectomy + resection of sigma with end-to-end anastomosis after intraoperative pathological study reported for malignancy compatible with squamous cell carcinoma. It was labeled as FIGO III stage. Chemotherapy was decided as adjuvant therapy with carboplatin + paclitaxel (Carbo-Taxol) scheme. We review the existing literature to provide evidence on a rare pathology with important repercussions for our patients.

Squamous cell carcinoma malignant transformation in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary: a case report and review of the literature

“…Available evidence indicates that, in SCC malignant transformation, TAH can significantly lower the risk of mortality. Interestingly, omentectomy also increased the survival [ 18 , 19 ]. Finally, it should be mentioned that early diagnosis of the disease, especially if limited to the ovaries, is accompanied by good prognosis and overall survival of 100% and 75% (at 2 and 5 years, respectively) [ 17 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary

“…Squamous cell carcinoma of the ovary is rare and usually arises in a mature cystic teratoma (MCT) or a dermoid cyst of the ovary. 1 The incidence of malignant transformation in MCT is 0.17%–2%. 2 The prognosis is generally poor when the disease has spread beyond the ovary.…”