SQUID-on-tip with single-electron spin sensitivity for high-field and ultra-low temperature nanomagnetic imaging

Anahory, Yonathan; Naren, H. R.; Lachman, Ella; Sinai, S. Buhbut; Uri, Aviram; Embon, Lior; Yaakobi, Elad; Myasoedov, Y.; Huber, M. E.; Klajn, Rafał; Zeldov, E.

doi:10.1039/c9nr08578e

Cited by 58 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This allows for a wide range of applications, particularly at the nanometer-scale, where they can be easily integrated in circuits and used as ultrasensitive sensors of magnetic fields, temperature and as key elements for quantum computation. The behavior of nanosized superconductors as one-dimensional quantum oscillators [ 1 ], Josephson junction arrays [ 2 ], electronic transport devices [ 3 – 7 ], very small-scale devices [ 8 – 9 ], micrometer-scale coolers [ 10 ], or thermal and spin sensors [ 11 – 12 ] has been studied in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

Córdoba¹,

Ibarra²,

Mailly³

et al. 2020

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Currently, the patterning of innovative three-dimensional (3D) nano-objects is required for the development of future advanced electronic components. Helium ion microscopy in combination with a precursor gas can be used for direct writing of three-dimensional nanostructures with a precise control of their geometry, and a significantly higher aspect ratio than other additive manufacturing technologies. We report here on the deposition of 3D hollow tungsten carbide nanowires with tailored diameters by tuning two key growth parameters, namely current and dose of the ion beam. Our results show the control of geometry in 3D hollow nanowires, with outer and inner diameters ranging from 36 to 142 nm and from 5 to 28 nm, respectively; and lengths from 0.5 to 8.9 µm. Transmission electron microscopy experiments indicate that the nanowires have a microstructure of large grains with a crystalline structure compatible with the face-centered cubic WC1− x phase. In addition, 3D electron tomographic reconstructions show that the hollow center of the nanowires is present along the whole nanowire length. Moreover, these nanowires become superconducting at 6.8 K and show high values of critical magnetic field and critical current density. Consequently, these 3D nano-objects could be implemented as components in the next generation of electronics, such as nano-antennas and sensors, based on 3D superconducting architectures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

Córdoba¹,

Ibarra²,

Mailly³

et al. 2020

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…Figure 1B shows a schematic representation of our experimental setup. We use a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) fabricated on the tip of a quartz tube from cryogenically deposited indium (23) with a magnetic field sensitivity of approximately 15 nT/Hz 1/2 at select out-of-plane magnetic fields of less than 50 mT (see fig. S1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moiré Chern insulator

Tschirhart

Serlin

Polshyn

et al. 2021

Science

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150

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Electrons in moiré flat band systems can spontaneously break time reversal symmetry, giving rise to a quantized anomalous Hall effect. Here we use a superconducting quantum interference device to image stray magnetic fields in twisted bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitride. We find a magnetization of several Bohr magnetons per charge carrier, demonstrating that the magnetism is primarily orbital in nature. Our measurements reveal a large change in the magnetization as the chemical potential is swept across the quantum anomalous Hall gap consistent with the expected contribution of chiral edge states to the magnetization of an orbital Chern insulator. Mapping the spatial evolution of field-driven magnetic reversal, we find a series of reproducible micron scale domains pinned to structural disorder.

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“…Further permission related to the figure excepted should be directed to the ACS. magnetometry, [281] nano-SQUID, [364] SQUID-on-tip, [720] and microwave inductive sensing [293,[721][722][723] techniques should, in principle, be applicable. However, reports on the characterization of micro-and nanoscale curvilinear superconductors remain rather rare.…”

Section: Fabrication and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Dimension in Magnetism and Superconductivity: 3D and Curvilinear Nanoarchitectures

et al. 2021

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condensed matter physics, including cell membranes, [1] nematic crystals, [2,3] superfluids, [4] semiconductors, [5][6][7][8] ferromagnets, [9] and superconductors. [10,11] Currently, much attention is paid to strongly correlated electronic systems, for example, ferromagnets and superconductors, as they provide a unique tool to manipulate the topology of coexisting vector and scalar fields, associated with geometries of conventional systems.Until recently, in the case of magnetism, the influence of the geometry on the spin vector fields was addressed primarily by the design of the sample boundaries. This approach naturally brings the shape anisotropy to the system and leads to the formation of specific spin textures, for example, magnetic vortices [12] and antivortices [13] as well as provides control over the dynamics of the topologically nontrivial magnetic solitons. [14][15][16][17][18] This discussion also tackles the state of the art in modern experimental antiferromagnetism, where the design of the sample topography and boundaries allows to control the domain wall states. [19][20][21][22] With the development of novel fabrication techniques allowing to realize complex 3D architectures, not only the boundary effects but also the extrinsic geometrical properties (e.g., local curvatures) can be addressed rigorously for the case of ferromagnets [23][24][25][26][27] as well as superconductors. [28][29][30] The explored effects are directly related to the interplay between the Traditionally, the primary field, where curvature has been at the heart of research, is the theory of general relativity. In recent studies, however, the impact of curvilinear geometry enters various disciplines, ranging from solid-state physics over soft-matter physics, chemistry, and biology to mathematics, giving rise to a plethora of emerging domains such as curvilinear nematics, curvilinear studies of cell biology, curvilinear semiconductors, superfluidity, optics, 2D van der Waals materials, plasmonics, magnetism, and superconductivity. Here, the state of the art is summarized and prospects for future research in curvilinear solid-state systems exhibiting such fundamental cooperative phenomena as ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and superconductivity are outlined. Highlighting the recent developments and current challenges in theory, fabrication, and characterization of curvilinear micro-and nanostructures, special attention is paid to perspective research directions entailing new physics and to their strong application potential. Overall, the perspective is aimed at crossing the boundaries between the magnetism and superconductivity communities and drawing attention to the conceptual aspects of how extension of structures into the third dimension and curvilinear geometry can modify existing and aid launching novel functionalities. In addition, the perspective should stimulate the development and dissemination of research and development oriented techniques to facilitate rapid transitions from laboratory demonstrations to industry-...

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SQUID-on-tip with single-electron spin sensitivity for high-field and ultra-low temperature nanomagnetic imaging

Cited by 58 publications

References 60 publications

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moiré Chern insulator

New Dimension in Magnetism and Superconductivity: 3D and Curvilinear Nanoarchitectures

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SQUID-on-tip with single-electron spin sensitivity for high-field and ultra-low temperature nanomagnetic imaging

Cited by 58 publications

References 60 publications

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He+ beam direct writing

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He+ beam direct writing

Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moiré Chern insulator

New Dimension in Magnetism and Superconductivity: 3D and Curvilinear Nanoarchitectures

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Product

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3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing